HEK293 GABAA Receptor α1β2γ2 (short form) Cell Line

GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It acts through GABAA and GABAB receptors. GABAA receptors are widespread in the brain, occurring principally in the synapses. They are ligand-gated chloride ion channels and play a major role in modulating fast inhibitory neurotransmission. Dysfunction or mutation of these receptors result in neurological disorders and mental illnesses including epilepsy and schizophrenia. GABAA receptors are the targets for diverse drugs such as sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, and anticonvulsants, as well as general anesthetics. Structurally, GABAA receptors are heteropentamers. So far, 19 subunits (γ1–6, γ1–3, γ1–3, γ, γ, γ, γ, γ1–3) have been identified in the mammalian brain. Receptors with two γ subunits, two γ subunits and one γ subunit are most often observed, with the prevalent native subunit combinations of γ1 and γ2 or γ5 and γ3 with γ2 subunits. Additionally, alternative splicing of subtypes leads to further diversity into various isoforms. Pharmacologic sensitivity and physiologic characteristics of these receptors are determined by these constituent subunits. The receptors with the short splice variant of the γ2 subunit are insensitive to the volatile anesthetic isofluorane.

Source
The HEK293 GABAa Receptor γ1γ2γ2 (short form) cell line was derived from gene-edited HEK293 cells. The parental HEK293 line was derived from cells from female human embryonic kidney.


References:

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Maconochie DJ, Zempel JM, Steinbach JH. How quickly can GABAA receptors open Neuron. 1994 Jan;12(1):61-71. doi: 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90152-x. PMID: 8292360.

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Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R. GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 May;9(5):331-43. doi: 10.1038/nrn2370. PMID: 18382465; PMCID: PMC2709246.

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Zhu S, Noviello CM, Teng J, Walsh RM Jr, Kim JJ, Hibbs RE. Structure of a human synaptic GABAA receptor. Nature. 2018 Jul;559(7712):67-72. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0255-3. Epub 2018 Jun 27. PMID: 29950725; PMCID: PMC6220708

Benkwitz C, Banks MI, Pearce RA. Influence of GABAA receptor gamma2 splice variants on receptor kinetics and isoflurane modulation. Anesthesiology. 2004 Oct;101(4):924-36. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200410000-00018. PMID: 15448526.

Characterizing the pharmacologic roles of GABA receptor subtypes is of prime importance clinically. These HEK293 cells are transfected to stably express the α1β2γ2 (short isoform) of the GABAa receptor, also known as GABAra. This cell line can be utilized to efficiently study the function of this receptor form as well as to investigate pharmacologic effects of various compounds in vitro.

HEK293 GABAa receptor a1b2gamma2 (short form) cells should be stored in liquid nitrogen. The cells can be cultured for at least 10 passages without significantly affecting cell marker expression and function.

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