Biological performance of tantalum.

Biological performance of tantalum.

Clinical materials (1993-12-09)

J Black

ABSTRACT

A detailed literature search was carried out to define the current knowledge about the biological performance of tantalum. The pure metal appears, to a great degree, to be inert both in vivo and in vitro. Both the pure metal and its principle oxide possess low solubility and toxicity; however, halide compounds are more biologically active. Local host response is benign, characterized by vital encapsulation in soft tissue and frequent osteointegration, reminiscent of titanium, in hard tissue. Tantalum has been in clinical use since before 1940 and has found a wide range of diagnostic and implant applications, with apparently overall excellent results. In some applications, such as for radiographic bone markers and cranial closure, tantalum may well be the current material of choice. In summary, metallic tantalum is a promising biomaterial whose applications have been limited by technical rather than biological performance considerations.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

692824

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, powder, 60-100 mesh, 99.9%

357243

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, foil, thickness 0.05 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF97180870

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF27272167

Tantalum, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF55030902

Tantalum, wire, straight, 300mm, diameter 0.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF49555378

Tantalum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.31mm, inside diameter 0.19mm, wall thickness 0.06mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF64173180

Tantalum, tube, 50mm, outside diameter 6.35mm, inside diameter 4.35mm, wall thickness 1mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF15025407

Tantalum, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.99%

GF89833854

Tantalum, foil, 4mm disks, thickness 0.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF72299829

Tantalum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 2mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF27304343

Tantalum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.30mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF87514421

Tantalum, rod, 50mm, diameter 12.7mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF35432221

Tantalum, rod, 50mm, diameter 10.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF22807144

Tantalum, rod, 200mm, diameter 2.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF54560662

Tantalum, foil, 2m coil, thickness 0.03mm, coil width 0.75mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF13043506

Tantalum, wire reel, 20m, diameter 0.30mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF98873094

Tantalum, tube, 50mm, outside diameter 8.0mm, inside diameter 4.0mm, wall thickness 2mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF36069598

Tantalum, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.75mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF13139164

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 4.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF66812564

Tantalum, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.100mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF50036510

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 5.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF76534500

Tantalum, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.100mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF14474976

Tantalum, foil, 0.1m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width .62mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF86596677

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width .62mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF99542368

Tantalum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.03mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF38760026

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.015mm, 99.9%

GF84482387

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF20898625

Tantalum, foil, 0.5m coil, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF87216059

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.99%

GF84642206

Tantalum, foil, 50x50mm, thickness 0.125mm, annealed, 99.9%