- Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.
Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.
Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2011-11-22)
Joseph Lemire, Vasu D Appanna
PMID22099161
ABSTRACT
Aluminum (Al) has been implicated in a variety of neurological diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms that enable Al to be involved in these disorders have yet to be fully delineated. Using astrocytes as a model of the cerebral cellular system, we have uncovered the biochemical networks that are affected by Al toxicity. In this review, we reveal how the inhibitory influence of Al on ATP production and on mitochondrial functions help generate globular astrocytes that are fat producing machines. These biological events may be the contributing factors to Al-triggered brain disorders.
MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description
Sigma-Aldrich
Aluminum, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis
Aluminum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 12.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%
Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 26.5mm, cell size 6.3mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.083g/cm3, phenolic adhesive (resin), facing skin carbon fiber / epoxy, 99.9%
Aluminum, mesh, 900x900mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh
Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 20mm, cell size 4.8mm, cell wall 0.038mm, core density 0.070g/cm3, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%
Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95+%
Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 15.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, rod, 50mm, diameter 28mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%
Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 20.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.063mm, annealed, 99.99%
Aluminum, insulated wire, 20m, conductor diameter 0.1mm, insulation thickness 0.005mm, polyimide insulation, 99.95+%
Aluminum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.62mm, wall thickness 0.69mm, hard, 99.5%
Aluminum, rod, 44mm, diameter 77.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, mesh, 150x150mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh
Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.55mm, inside diameter 0.4mm, wall thickness 0.075mm, as drawn, 99.5%
Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.42mm, inside diameter 1.166mm, wall thickness 0.127mm, as drawn, 99.5%
Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.86mm, inside diameter 0.76mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%
Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 2.5mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%
Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 1.0mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%
Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 28mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 3.0mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%
Aluminum, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.7mm, as drawn, 99.5%
Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 1.0μm, specific density 269.9μg/cm2, permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%
Aluminum, rod, 500mm, diameter 15.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%
Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 50mm, thinness 1.0μm, specific density 269.9μg/cm2, permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%