Perinatal multiple exposure to neurotoxic (lead, methylmercury, ethylmercury, and aluminum) substances and neurodevelopment at six and 24 months of age.

Perinatal multiple exposure to neurotoxic (lead, methylmercury, ethylmercury, and aluminum) substances and neurodevelopment at six and 24 months of age.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) (2014-02-04)

Rejane C Marques, José V E Bernardi, José G Dórea, Maria de Fatima R Moreira, Olaf Malm

摘要

We studied neurodevelopment in infants from two communities. Children living in the vicinity of tin-ore kilns and smelters - TOKS; n = 51) were compared to children from a fishing village (Itapuã; n = 45). Mean hair-Hg (HHg) concentrations were significantly higher in Itapuã children which received significantly (p = 0.0000001) less mean ethylmercury (88.6 μg) from Thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCV) than the TOKS children (120 μg). Breast-milk Pb concentrations were significantly higher in the TOKS mothers (p = 0.000017; 10.04 vs. 3.9 μg L(-1)). Bayley mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) were statistically significant (respectively p < 0.0000001, p = 0.000007) lower for the TOKS children only at 24 months of age. Multivariate regression analysis showed that MDI was negatively affected by breast-milk Pb and by HHg. PDI was positively affected by breastfeeding and negatively affected by ethylmercury. Milestone achievements were negatively affected by breast-milk Pb (age of walking) and by HHg (age of talking).

材料

Product Number

品牌

产品描述

266574

Sigma-Aldrich

铝, foil, thickness 0.45-0.55 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

326860

Sigma-Aldrich

铝, foil, thickness 0.13 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

733369

Sigma-Aldrich

铝, foil, thickness 8 μm, 99% trace metals basis

326887

Sigma-Aldrich

铝, wire, diam. 0.58 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

433705

Sigma-Aldrich

铝, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

GF29732496

铝, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.62mm, wall thickness 0.69mm, hard, 99.5%

GF44675781

铝, rod, 1000mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%

GF20784360

铝, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 2.5mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%

GF94706354

铝, mesh, 150x150mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF85240694

铝, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 20mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0.072g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF38294646

铝, mesh, 300x300mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF74087758

铝, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.02mm, hard, 99.99%

GF98718935

铝, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 1.0mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%

GF53821234

铝, mesh, 900x900mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF24569602

铝, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 30mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF02417677

铝, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.86mm, inside diameter 0.76mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF26812043

铝, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 3.2mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, 16 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF51598761

铝, rod, 200mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%

GF33055185

铝, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 6.35mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, 16 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF86118969

铝, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 5mm, cell size 19mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.029g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF04958084

铝, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 5mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0.072g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF86830566

铝, mesh, 600x600mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF64700524

铝, rod, 1000mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF12712610

铝, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 6.0mm, 99%

GF37306267

铝, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 6.35mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, 2 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF54273944

铝, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 0.55mm, inside diameter 0.4mm, wall thickness 0.075mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF07499010

铝, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 10mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF32029444

铝, rod, 100mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%

GF28125390

铝, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.30mm, inside diameter 0.2mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF10029596

铝, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 6.35mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, 8 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%