Skip to Content
Merck
CN

Key Documents

View All Documentation

5.04594

Gemcitabine, HCl

Synonym(s):

Gemcitabine, HCl, 2ʹ,2ʹ-Difluoro-2ʹ-deoxycytidine, HCl, 2ʹ-Deoxy-2ʹ,2ʹ-difluorocytidine, HCl, 4-Amino-1-((2R,5S)-3,3-difluoro-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one, HCl, LY188011, dFdC, dFdCyd, Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitor II, RNR Inhibitor II, LY188011, dFdC, dFdCyd, 2ʹ,2ʹ-Difluoro-2ʹ-deoxycytidine, HCl, 2ʹ-Deoxy-2ʹ,2ʹ-difluorocytidine, HCl, 4-Amino-1-((2R,5S)-3,3-difluoro-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one, HCl, Ribonucleotide

Sign In to View Organizational & Contract Pricing.

Select a Size

Change View

About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C9H11F2N3O4 · xHCl
CAS Number:
122111-03-9
Molecular Weight:
263.20 (free base basis)
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
NACRES:
NA.77
MDL number:
MFCD01735988
Assay:
≥99% (HPLC)
Form:
powder
Quality level:
100
Storage condition:
OK to freeze, desiccated (hygroscopic), protect from light
Technical Service
Need help? Our team of experienced scientists is here for you.
Let Us Assist

assay

≥99% (HPLC)

Quality Level

100

form

powder

manufacturer/tradename

Calbiochem®

storage condition

OK to freeze, desiccated (hygroscopic), protect from light

color

white

solubility

water: 25 mg/mL

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

FC1([C@@H](O[C@@H]([C@H]1O)CO)[n]2[c](nc(cc2)N)=O)F.Cl

InChI

1S/C9H11F2N3O4.ClH/c10-9(11)6(16)4(3-15)18-7(9)14-2-1-5(12)13-8(14)17;/h1-2,4,6-7,15-16H,3H2,(H2,12,13,17);1H/t4-,6-,7-;/m1./s1

InChI key

OKKDEIYWILRZIA-OSZBKLCCSA-N

General description

A bioavailable, moderately toxic, deoxyctytidine analog with anti-metabolite and anti-tumor properties. Shown to be effective against a variety of tumors and blocks the growth of cancer cells in culture (IC 50 = 8.7, 57, 3.7, and 36 nM for L1210, CEM, Caco2, and HeLa cells, respectively). Following its uptake into cells by nucleoside transporters it is phosphorylated to its mono (dFdCMP), di (dFdCDP), and triphosphorylated (dFdCTP) forms by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCDP and dFdCTP are reported to inhibit the activity of ribonucleotide reductase and impede DNA synthesis and repair mechanisms and induce cell death. Blocks the progression of cells through the G1/S phase. The dFdCTP is shown to compete with endogenous deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) for incorporation into DNA and against CTP into RNA. Gemcitabine is also shown to block mitochondrial DNA polymerase γ. Works synergistically with other chemotherapeutic agents to enhance their cytotoxicity. Its half life is reported to be 42 to 94 min (depending upon the age and sex of the individual).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Cell permeable: yes
Primary Target
DNA
Reversible: no
Secondary Target
DNA polymerase

Packaging

Packaged under inert gas

Preparation Note

Following reconstitution, aliquot and freeze (-20°C). Stock solutions are stable for up to 6 months at -20°C.

Other Notes

Hung, S.W., et al. 2012. Cancer Lett.320, 138.
Fowler, J.D., et al. 2008. J. Biol. Chem.283, 15339.
Mackey, J.R., et al. 1998. Cancer Res.58, 4349.
Eda, H., et al. 1998. Cancer Res.58, 1165.
Burris III, H.A., et al. 1997. J. Clin. Oncol.15, 2403.
Heinemann, V., et al. 1992. Cancer Res.52, 533.
Hertel, L.W., et al. 1990. Cancer Res.50, 4417.

Legal Information

CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Disclaimer

Toxicity: Carcinogenic / Teratogenic (D)

pictograms

Health hazard
GHS08

signalword

Danger

hcodes

H360

Hazard Classifications

Repr. 1B

wgk

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

Storage Class

6.1C - Combustible acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic compounds or compounds which causing chronic effects

Regulatory Information

新产品

This item has

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

Already Own This Product?

Find documentation for the products that you have recently purchased in the Document Library.

Visit the Document Library

H A Burris et al.
Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 15(6), 2403-2413 (1997-06-01)
Most patients with advanced pancreas cancer experience pain and must limit their daily activities because of tumor-related symptoms. To date, no treatment has had a significant impact on the disease. In early studies with gemcitabine, patients with pancreas cancer experienced
Sau Wai Hung et al.
Cancer letters, 320(2), 138-149 (2012-03-20)
Clinical refractoriness to nucleoside analogs (e.g., gemcitabine, capecitabine) is a major scientific problem and is one of the main reasons underlying the extremely poor prognostic state of pancreatic cancer. The drugs' effects are suboptimal partly due to cellular mechanisms limiting
J R Mackey et al.
Cancer research, 58(19), 4349-4357 (1998-10-10)
Gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) is a novel pyrimidine nucleoside drug with clinical efficacy in several common epithelial cancers. We have proposed that gemcitabine requires nucleoside transporter (NT) proteins to permeate the plasma membrane and to exhibit pharmacological activity. In humans, there are
View All Related Papers

Global Trade Item Number

SKUGTIN
504594000104055977243895