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Merck
CN

178810

Tetrahydrofuran

≥99.0%, contains 200-400 ppm BHT as inhibitor, ReagentPlus®

Synonym(s):

THF, Butylene oxide, Oxolane, Tetramethylene oxide

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C4H8O
CAS Number:
109-99-9
Molecular Weight:
72.11
UNSPSC Code:
12191501
NACRES:
NA.21
PubChem Substance ID:
329751576
EC Number:
203-726-8
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
102391
MDL number:
MFCD00005356
Assay:
≥99.0%
Bp:
65-67 °C (lit.)
Vapor pressure:
114 mmHg ( 15 °C)
143 mmHg ( 20 °C)

Key Documents

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Product Name

Tetrahydrofuran, ≥99.0%, contains 200-400 ppm BHT as inhibitor, ReagentPlus®

SMILES string

C1CCOC1

InChI key

WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

1S/C4H8O/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-4H2

vapor density

2.5 (vs air)

vapor pressure

114 mmHg ( 15 °C)
143 mmHg ( 20 °C)

product line

ReagentPlus®

assay

≥99.0%

form

liquid

autoignition temp.

610 °F

contains

200-400 ppm BHT as inhibitor

expl. lim.

1.8-11.8 %

dilution

(for general lab use)

refractive index

n20/D 1.407 (lit.)

pH

~7

bp

65-67 °C (lit.)

mp

−108 °C (lit.)

density

0.889 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

Quality Level

100

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Application

Tetrahydrofuran may be used for the dissolution of poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) and 1,3-diaminopentane, during the preparation of poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL)-hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds and acrylate-terminated poly(5-amino-1-pentanol-co-1,4-butanediol diacrylate) (C32)- 1,3-diaminopentane (117) polymer, respectively.

General description

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a saturated cyclic ether mainly used as an organic solvent. On long term storage it forms organic peroxides. This process can be suppressed by adding butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as a stabilizer. BHT removes the free radicals required for the peroxide formation. THF constitutes the key fragment of various natural products (polyether antibiotics). THF can form a double hydrate with hydrogen sulfide. Crystal structure of this double hydrate has been investigated by three-dimensional single-crystal studies. Butane-1,4-diol is formed as an intermediate during the synthesis of THF. Hot THF is useful for the dissolution of polyvinylidene chloride (PVDV).

Other Notes

For information on tetrahydrofuran miscibility, please visit the following link:
Tetrahydrofuran Miscibility/Immiscibility Table

Greener alternatives are available for many THF applications, 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (155810) and Cyclopentyl methyl ether (675989)

Read more about THF alternatives:
2-Methyltetrahydroun (2-MeTHF): A biomass-Derived solvent with Broad Applications in Organic Chemistry

The toxicological assessment of cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) as a green solvent

Legal Information

ReagentPlus is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

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Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Carc. 2 - Eye Irrit. 2 - Flam. Liq. 2 - STOT SE 3

target_organs

Central nervous system, Respiratory system

supp_hazards

EUH019

Storage Class

3 - Flammable liquids

wgk

WGK 1

flash_point_f

-6.2 °F - closed cup

flash_point_c

-21.2 °C - closed cup

Regulatory Information

危险化学品
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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
SHBT4629
SHBT4100
BCCN7608
SDBB5163
BCCN6710

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Vittorio Pace et al.
ChemSusChem, 5(8), 1369-1379 (2012-08-14)
2-Methyl-tetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) can be derived from renewable resources (e.g., furfural or levulinic acid) and is a promising alternative solvent in the search for environmentally benign synthesis strategies. Its physical and chemical properties, such as its low miscibility with water, boiling
Kiyoshi Watanabe
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 18(3), 3183-3194 (2013-03-13)
Cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) has been used in chemical synthesis as an alternative to hazardous solvents. According to some earlier investigation by others, CPME has low acute or subchronic toxicity with moderate irritation and negative mutagenicity and negative skin sensitization
Todd J Harris et al.
Biomaterials, 31(5), 998-1006 (2009-10-24)
The use of biomaterials for gene delivery can potentially avoid many of the safety concerns with viral gene delivery. However, the efficacy of polymeric gene delivery methods is low, particularly in vivo. One significant concern is that the interior and
Haiying Yu et al.
Biomaterials, 30(4), 508-517 (2008-11-01)
Natural bone growth greatly depends on the precedent vascular network that supplies oxygen and essential nutrients and removes metabolites. Likewise, it is crucial for tissue-engineered bone to establish a vascular network that temporally precedes new bone formation, and spatially originates
Polyhedral clathrate hydrates. X. Structure of the double hydrate of tetrahydrofuran and hydrogen sulfide.
Mak TCW, et al.
J. Chem. Phys. , 42(8), 2732-2737 (1965)
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