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F0507

Sigma-Aldrich

Formic acid

reagent grade, ≥95%

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Linear Formula:
HCOOH
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
46.03
Beilstein:
1209246
EC Number:
MDL number:
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.21

grade

reagent grade

Quality Level

vapor density

1.6 (vs air)

vapor pressure

44.8 mmHg ( 20 °C)

Assay

≥95%

form

liquid

autoignition temp.

1004 °F

contains

<2.5% water as stabilizer

expl. lim.

57 %

impurities

≤1% acetic acid

refractive index

n20/D 1.370 (lit.)

pH

2.2 (20 °C, 2.2 g/L)

bp

100-101 °C (lit.)

mp

8.2-8.4 °C (lit.)

density

1.22 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

storage temp.

room temp

SMILES string

OC=O

InChI

1S/CH2O2/c2-1-3/h1H,(H,2,3)

InChI key

BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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Application

Formic acid (HCOOH, FA) is the simplest carboxylic acid that is mostly found in insect bites and stings. It is widely utilized as a hydrogen storage molecule due to its low toxicity, recyclability, ease of usage, and liquid state in ambient conditions.
Formic acid is used as a reducing agent in the:

  • synthesis of graphene from graphene oxide.
  • catalytic reduction of chromium (Cr(VI) to Cr(III)) by colloidal palladium.
It is also used as a reagent in the Eschweiler-Clarke reaction during the synthesis of ketamine from the reduction of 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-nitrocyclohexanone (2-CPNCH) to norketamine.

Additionally, it is used as a hydrogen donor during the transformation of the furanose form into the pyranose form of glucose and in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction.

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Flam. Liq. 3 - Skin Corr. 1A

Supplementary Hazards

Storage Class Code

3 - Flammable liquids

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

121.1 °F - closed cup

Flash Point(C)

49.5 °C - closed cup

Regulatory Information

危险化学品

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Glucosinolates determination in tissues of horseradish Plant.
Lelario F et al.
Bio-protocol, 5, e1562-e1562 (2015)
Separation and Detection of Phosphorylated and Nonphosphorylated BvgA, a Bordetella pertussis Response Regulator, in vivo and in vitro.
Chen Q et al.
Bio-protocol, 3 (2013)
Microstructure and activity of Pd catalysts prepared on commercial carbon support for the liquid phase decomposition of formic acid
GM A, et al.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48, 2628-2639 (2023)
Hydrogen energy future with formic acid: a renewable chemical hydrogen storage system
Ashish Kumar S, et al.
Catalysis Science & Technology, 6, 12-40 (2016)
Tissue distribution, effects of cooking and parameters affecting the extraction of azaspiracids from mussels, Mytilus edulis, prior to analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.
Hess P et al.
Toxicon, 46, 62-62 (2005)

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