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Merck
CN

43815

DL-Dithiothreitol

BioUltra, Molecular Biology, ≥99.5% (RT)

Synonym(s):

(±)-Dithiothreitol, rac-Dithiothreitol, Dithiothreitol, threo-1,4-Dimercapto-2,3-butanediol, Cleland’s reagent, DTT

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About This Item

Linear Formula:
HSCH2CH(OH)CH(OH)CH2SH
CAS Number:
3483-12-3
Molecular Weight:
154.25
UNSPSC Code:
12161504
NACRES:
NA.25
PubChem Substance ID:
57650195
EC Number:
222-468-7
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
1719757
MDL number:
MFCD00004877

Key Documents

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Product Name

DL-Dithiothreitol, BioUltra, Molecular Biology, ≥99.5% (RT)

InChI key

VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N

InChI

1S/C4H10O2S2/c5-3(1-7)4(6)2-8/h3-8H,1-2H2/t3-,4-/m1/s1

SMILES string

O[C@H](CS)[C@H](O)CS

grade

Molecular Biology

product line

BioUltra

assay

≥99.5% (RT)

form

powder

reaction suitability

reagent type: reductant

impurities

DNases, none detected
 RNases, none detected
 insoluble matter, passes filter test
 phosphatases, none detected
 proteases, none detected
≤0.3% 4,5-dihydroxy-1,2-dithiane

pH

4.0-6.5 (25 °C, 0.1 M in H2O)

mp

41-44 °C (lit.)

solubility

H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless

anion traces

sulfate (SO42-): ≤50 mg/kg

cation traces

Al: ≤5 mg/kg
As: ≤0.5 mg/kg
Ba: ≤5 mg/kg
Bi: ≤5 mg/kg
Ca: ≤10 mg/kg
Cd: ≤5 mg/kg
Co: ≤5 mg/kg
Cr: ≤5 mg/kg
Cu: ≤5 mg/kg
Fe: ≤5 mg/kg
K: ≤50 mg/kg
Li: ≤5 mg/kg
Mg: ≤5 mg/kg
Mn: ≤5 mg/kg
Mo: ≤5 mg/kg
Na: ≤500 mg/kg
Ni: ≤5 mg/kg
Pb: ≤5 mg/kg
Sr: ≤5 mg/kg
Zn: ≤5 mg/kg

λ

0.1 M in H2O

UV absorption

λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.400
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.100

storage temp.

2-8°C

Quality Level

200

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Application

An excellent reagent for maintaining SH groups in reduced state; quantitatively reduces disulfides. DTT is effective in sample buffers for reducing protein disulfide bonds prior to SDS-PAGE. DTT can also be used for reducing the disulfide bridge of the cross-linker N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine to break apart the matrix of a polyacrylamide gel. DTT is less pungent and is less toxic than 2-mercaptoethanol. Typically, a seven fold lower concentration of DTT (100 mM) is needed than is used for 2-mercaptoethanol (5% v/v, 700 mM).
DTT has been used:
  • as an enzyme stabilizer to maintain exebacase stability
  • for peptide extraction and protein denaturation
  • in sample preparation and reversal of formaldehyde crosslinks before mass spectrometry
  • as a buffer component to extract synaptogliosome

Biochem/physiol Actions

Dithiothreitol (DTT) is broadly used in chemical peptide synthesis and biochemical preparations of thiol proteins. Additionally, studies on protein folding and enzyme activity in protein chemistry make use of DTT. This reagent explicitly mediates the thiol-disulfide exchange reaction to completely reduce the intra-or between sub-atomic disulfide bonds in biomolecules. This reaction brings about the arrangement of thiols and the cyclic disulfide of DTT.

Features and Benefits

  • BioUltra grade powder suitable for molecular biology
  • DNase, RNase, phosphatase, and protease-free insoluble matter, passes the filter test
  • Stringently tested and free from trace metals

General description

Dithiothreitol (DTT) is a thiol-reducing reagent that quantitatively reduces disulfide (SH) groups in biological molecules. It specifically targets the disulfide bridge of the cross-linker N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine to break apart the matrix of a polyacrylamide gel. DTT is less pungent and less toxic than 2-mercaptoethanol. Typically, a seven-fold lower concentration of DTT (100 mM) is more efficient than that of 2-mercaptoethanol (5% v/v, 700 mM).

Other Notes

For additional information on our range of Biochemicals, please complete this form.
Isolation of RNA using guanidinium salts. Inclusion of a reductant enhances denaturation by breaking intramolecular protein disulfide bonds.

pictograms

CorrosionExclamation mark
GHS05,GHS07

signalword

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Skin Irrit. 2

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk

WGK 2

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
0000498046
0000498046
BCCN3962
BCCM6134
BCCM6133

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Immunoprecipitation of Ribosome-Bound mRNAs from Astrocytic Perisynaptic Processes of the Mouse Hippocampus
Mazare N, et al.
STAR protocols (2022)
Generation of cell-type-specific proteomes of neurodevelopment from human cerebral organoids
Melliou S and Diamandis P
STAR protocols (2022)
Isolation of RNA using guanidinium salts.
R J MacDonald et al.
Methods in enzymology, 152, 219-227 (1987-01-01)
Jun T Oh et al.
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 65(7), e0258720-e0258720 (2021-04-28)
Exebacase (CF-301) belongs to a new class of protein-based antibacterial agents, known as lysins (peptidoglycan hydrolases). Exebacase, a novel lysin with antistaphylococcal activity, is in phase 3 of clinical development. To advance into the clinic, it was necessary to develop
John C Lukesh et al.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 134(9), 4057-4059 (2012-02-23)
Dithiothreitol (DTT) is the standard reagent for reducing disulfide bonds between and within biological molecules. At neutral pH, however, >99% of DTT thiol groups are protonated and thus unreactive. Herein, we report on (2S)-2-amino-1,4-dimercaptobutane (dithiobutylamine or DTBA), a dithiol that
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