A6410
Apyrase from potatoes
ATPase ≥200 units/mg protein, lyophilized powder
Synonym(s):
Adenosine 5′-diphosphatase, Adenosine 5′-triphosphatase
type
Grade VI
Quality Level
form
lyophilized powder
ATPase activity
≥200 units/mg protein
secondary activity
≤15 % of base activity ADPase
mol wt
~49 kDa by gel filtration
composition
Protein, 30-60%
solubility
H2O: soluble 1.0 mg/mL
foreign activity
Acid Phosphatase ≤2% of base activity
storage temp.
−20°C
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General description
Apyrase, also known as ATP-diphosphohydrolase, is expressed in wide variety of plant and animal tissues. The commercially accessible apyrase enzyme is isolated from potato tubers.
Application
Apyrase from potatoes has been used:
- to deplete ATP
- to degrade endogenous extracellular ATP
- as a supplement in acid citrate dextrose solution to treat blood obtained from anesthetized mice
Apyrase is used to hydrolyze nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. For hydrolysis of organic di and triphosphates, the optimal pH is 6, and for inorganic substrates, the optimal pH is 5.1. Apyrase, from Sigma, has been used in inhibition studies of platelet-aggregation .
At least two isoenzymes are found in different varieties of S. tuberosum: one with a high ATPase/ADPase ratio (∼10) and another with a low ratio (∼1).
Reaction: ATP → ADP+Pi → AMP+2Pi.
Reaction: ATP → ADP+Pi → AMP+2Pi.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Apyrase hydrolyses the phosphoanhydride bonds of nucleoside tri- and di-phosphates in the presence of divalent cations. It has wide substrate specificity for nucleotides. This property of the enzyme makes it suitable for different biotechnical applications, including DNA sequencing and platelet-aggregation inhibition. Apyrase has adenosine 5′-triphosphatase (ATPase) and adenosine 5′-diphosphatase (ADPase) activities.
Apyrase is found in all eukaryotes and some prokaryotes. Apyrase, from potato, has a crucial role in regulating growth and development. Apyrase is involved in the inactivation of synaptic ATP as a neurotransmitter following nerve stimulation and in the inhibition of ADP induced platelet aggregation to prevent thrombosis . Divalent metal ions are required for activity and best activity is observed with calcium ion at 5 mM.
Packaging
Sold on the basis of ATPase units.
Physical form
Partially purified, lyophilized powder containing potassium succinate buffer salts.
Preparation Note
Derived from white potato
Other Notes
One unit will liberate 1.0 μmole of inorganic phosphate from ATP or ADP per min at pH 6.5 at 30 °C.
This grade has an exceptionally high ATPase/ADPase ratio.
Signal Word
Danger
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Hazard Classifications
Resp. Sens. 1
Storage Class Code
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 1
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Personal Protective Equipment
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
Regulatory Information
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Stefan Golfier et al.
eLife, 9 (2020-05-13)
Loop extrusion by structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes has been proposed as a mechanism to organize chromatin in interphase and metaphase. However, the requirements for chromatin organization in these cell cycle phases are different, and it is unknown whether
Micromanipulation studies of chromatin fibers in Xenopus egg extracts reveal ATP-dependent chromatin assembly dynamics
Yan J, et al.
Molecular Biology of the Cell, 18(2), 464-474 (2007)
Surfactant inhibits ATP-induced release of interleukin-1beta via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Backhaus S, et al.
Journal of Lipid Research, 58(6), 1055-1066 (2017)
Methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris as a host for production of ATP-diphosphohydrolase (apyrase) from potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum).
Nourizad N, et al.
Protein Expression and Purification, 27(2), 229-237 (2003)
Alexandra L Chang-Graham et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 370(6519) (2020-11-21)
Rotavirus causes severe diarrheal disease in children by broadly dysregulating intestinal homeostasis. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of rotavirus-induced dysregulation remains unclear. We found that rotavirus-infected cells produce paracrine signals that manifested as intercellular calcium waves (ICWs), observed in cell lines
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