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P5585

Sigma-Aldrich

Palmitic acid

BioXtra, ≥99%

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Synonym(s):
1-Pentadecanecarboxylic acid, C16:0, Cetylic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, NSC 5030, PamOH
Linear Formula:
CH3(CH2)14COOH
CAS Number:
57-10-3
Molecular Weight:
256.42
Beilstein:
607489
EC Number:
200-312-9
MDL number:
MFCD00002747
PubChem Substance ID:
24898674
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

plant (vegetable)

Quality Level

200

vapor pressure

10 mmHg ( 210 °C)

product line

BioXtra

Assay

≥99%

form

powder

technique(s)

cell culture | mammalian: suitable

impurities

≤0.0005% Phosphorus (P)
≤0.1% Insoluble matter

ign. residue

≤0.1%

bp

271.5 °C/100 mmHg (lit.)

mp

61-62.5 °C (lit.)

solubility

chloroform: 0.5 M, clear, colorless

density

0.852 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

anion traces

chloride (Cl-): ≤0.05%
sulfate (SO42-): ≤0.05%

cation traces

Al: ≤0.005%
Ca: ≤0.0005%
Cu: ≤0.0005%
Fe: ≤0.0005%
K: ≤0.005%
Mg: ≤0.0005%
NH4+: ≤0.05%
Na: ≤0.05%
Pb: ≤0.001%
Zn: ≤0.0005%

functional group

carboxylic acid

lipid type

saturated FAs

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

room temp

SMILES string

CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O

InChI

1S/C16H32O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16(17)18/h2-15H2,1H3,(H,17,18)

InChI key

IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

human ... FABP2(2169) , FABP3(2170) , FABP4(2167) , FABP5(2171)

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Application

Palmitic acid has been used:
  • as a medium supplement in chorionic villous tissue culture form placenta
  • as a component of hormone pellet for implantation in mice ovary
  • for inducing expression of immunity-related GTPase M (IRGM) in human monocytic cell line, THP-1

Biochem/physiol Actions

Palmitic acid (PA) is a component of membrane phospholipids (PL) and adipose triacylglycerols (TAG). Elevated levels of palmitic acid contributes to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity and cancer. PA promotes apoptosis in the endothelial cell by modulating the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and favors expression of TNF-α and reactive oxygen species accumulation. PA promotes interleukin 8 (IL-8) synthesis in hepatocytes contributing to hepatic inflammation. PA by interacting with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induces inflammatory injury in cardiomyoctes.
Palmitic acid is a straight-chain 16-carbon fatty acid. Diets rich in palmitic acid, along with lauric and myristic acids, are associated with increased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Palmitic acid is the first fatty acid produced by lipogenesis. It is a negative regulator of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and is implicated in fatty acid-induced insulin resistance.

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

nwg

Flash Point(F)

235.4 °F

Flash Point(C)

113 °C

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Biological and nutritional properties of palm oil and palmitic acid: effects on health
Mancini A, et al.
Molecules (Basel), 20(9), 17339-17361 (2015)
Cangju Qinggan Jiangzhi Decoction Reduces the Development of NonAlcoholic Steatohepatitis and Activation of Kupffer Cells
Cheng Y, et al.
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 48(3), 971-982 (2018)
Palmitic acid induces production of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 from hepatocytes
Joshi-Barve S, et al.
Hepatology, 46(3), 823-830 (2007)
Lipidomic Analysis of alpha Synuclein Neurotoxicity Identifies Stearoyl CoA Desaturase as a Target for Parkinson Treatment
Fanning S, et al.
Molecular Cell (2018)
Palmitic acid induced vascular endothelial cell apoptosis contributes to the high severity of coronary artery disease in the Uygur population
Jiang H, et al.
Biomedical Research, 28(2), 17339-17361 (2017)
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