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S3256

Sigma-Aldrich

Spermine

≥97%

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Synonym(s):
N,N′-Bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, Gerontine, Musculamine, Neuridine
Linear Formula:
NH2(CH2)3NH(CH2)4NH(CH2)3NH2
CAS Number:
71-44-3
Molecular Weight:
202.34
Beilstein:
1750791
EC Number:
200-754-2
MDL number:
MFCD00008215
PubChem Substance ID:
24899550
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

microbial
synthetic

description

form: solid or semisolid

Assay

≥97%

bp

150 °C/5 mmHg (lit.)

mp

28-30 (lit.)

solubility

water: 50 mg/mL, clear, colorless

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

[H]N(CCCN)CCCCN([H])CCCN

InChI

1S/C10H26N4/c11-5-3-9-13-7-1-2-8-14-10-4-6-12/h13-14H,1-12H2

InChI key

PFNFFQXMRSDOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

human ... GRIN2B(2904)
rat ... Grin2a(24409)

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General description

Spermine is a polyamine, which functions as a free radical scavenger. It modulates gene expression, chromatin stabilization and prevents DNA damage. Spermine inhibits endonuclease-mediated DNA fragmentation.

Application

Spermine has been used:
  • as an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)/glucose-regulated protein 75 (Grp75)/voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1)/mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) agonist to activate MCU in mouse podocytes
  • in the biolistic transfection of filarial parasites
  • for the production of adeno-associated virus (AAV)

Biochem/physiol Actions

Mixed NMDA glutamate receptor agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).

Pictograms

Corrosion
GHS05

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

H314

Hazard Classifications

Eye Dam. 1 - Skin Corr. 1B

Storage Class Code

8A - Combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Brugia malayi: transient transfection by microinjection and particle bombardment
Higazi TB, et al.
Experimental Parasitology, 100(2), 95-102 (2002)
IP 3 R-Grp75-VDAC1-MCU calcium regulation axis antagonists protect podocytes from apoptosis and decrease proteinuria in an Adriamycin nephropathy rat model
Xu H, et al.
BMC Nephrology, 19(1), 140-140 (2018)
Using mammalian GFP reconstitution across synaptic partners (mGRASP) to map synaptic connectivity in the mouse brain.
Feng L, et al.
Nature Protocols, 9(10), 2425-2425 (2014)
H C Ha et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95(19), 11140-11145 (1998-09-16)
The polyamines are small organic cations that are absolutely required for eukaryotic cell growth. Although their growth requirements are well established, the molecular functions of the polyamines are ill-defined. Oxidative damage to DNA by reactive oxygen species is a continual
Lydia P P Liew et al.
Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 23(2), 452-454 (2012-12-26)
Screening of synthesized and isolated marine natural products for in vitro activity against four parasitic protozoa has identified the ascidian metabolite 1,14-sperminedihomovanillamide (orthidine F, 1) as being a non-toxic, moderate growth inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum (IC(50) 0.89 μM). Preliminary structure-activity
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