GRINCH Glucose-Responsive Insulin-secreting C-peptide hProinsulin Rat Insulinoma Cell Line

Approximately 1 in 11 adults globally has diabetes, leading to 12% of health expenditure being diabetes- related. Diabetes mellitus refers to a group of metabolic diseases involving chronic hyperglycemia due to reduced insulin secretion, insulin synthesis, or increased insulin resistance.

Recent advancements in technology have enabled the molecular understanding of diabetes in childhood and in non-obese patients, unveiling the role of single gene defects. These defects, found in genes encoding beta-cell components like potassium channels, glucokinase, transcription factors, and insulin, contribute to 1-5% of all diabetes cases and are characteristic of monogenic diabetes. Insulin gene mutations can lead to various diabetes subtypes by affecting insulin folding, causing retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), triggering ER stress, beta-cell death, and impairing insulin-insulin receptor (IR) interaction.

Source

The GRINCH cell line was derived from INS-1 cells. The INS-1 cell line was derived from x-ray induced insulinoma in rats.

References

1. Trikkalinou A, Papazafiropoulou AK, Melidonis A. 2017. Type 2 diabetes and quality of life. World Journal of Diabetes. 8(4):120.
2. Yang Y, Chan L. 2016. Monogenic Diabetes: What It Teaches Us on the Common Forms of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. Endocrine Reviews. 37(3):190–222.
3. Haataja L, Snapp EL, Wright JJ, Li M, Hardy A, Wheeler MB, Markwardt ML, Rizzo MA, Arvan P. 2013. Proinsulin Intermolecular Interactions during Secretory Trafficking in Pancreatic β Cells. 288(3):1896–1906.

GRINCH (Glucose-Responsive Insulin-secreting C-peptide modified Human proinsulin) is a rat insulinoma cell line derived from the INS-1 cell line. INS-1 cells were transfected with the hPro-CpepSfGFP construct containing the human insulin sequence with a C-peptide modified with a C-terminal superfolder GFP insert. The GRINCH cell line exhibits efficient glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, making it a good model to study insulin secretion regulation and pancreatic β-cell function. The fluorescent C-peptide is co-stored and co-secreted with human insulin, allowing the tracking and quantification of insulin biosynthesis in real time.

GRINCH cells express human insulin with a C-peptide GFP tag?.

SCC611, the GRINCH rat insulinoma cell line, is a pancreatic beta cell line transfected with the hPro-CpepSfGFP construct containing the human insulin sequence.

GRINCH Glucose-Responsive Insulin-secreting C-peptide hProinsulin Rat Insulinoma cells should be stored in liquid nitrogen. The cells can be cultured for at least 10 passages without significantly affecting cell marker expression and function.

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