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Adonitol Discs are used to differentiate bacteria based on the adonitol fermentation ability. Microorganisms can only ferment certain carbohydrates, depending on the enzymes they possess to break down carbohydrates. Fermentation can be detected by gas production (CO₂) in liquid media and/or color change of pH caused by acid production. The adonitol discs are aseptically added to any sugar-free basal media to test the ability of the organism to hydrolyze adonitol, crystalline pentose alcohol formed by the reduction of ribose, as the sole source of carbon and energy during fermentation. Adonitol is typically fermented under acid production by many Enterobacter bacteria.

Adonitol Discs are recommended to detect adonitol fermenting bacteria in food and environmental samples. They find their application in various sectors such as the food and dairy industry, water industry, pharmaceutical laboratory testing, cosmetic industry, environmental and sanitary testing, clinical diagnostic, etc.