Shrimp Alkaline Phosphatase

Shrimp alkaline phosphatase is a high specific activity, heat-labile alkaline phosphatase. Completely and irreversibly inactivated in Tris buffers at pH 8.0 to 8.5 by heating for 15 min at 65°C. No further treatment is necessary. The ALP (alkaline phosphatase) gene codes for a membrane-bound ectoenzymes that is present in four isoforms and is distributed as tissue nonspecific, intestinal, placenta, and germ cell ALP. The tissue nonspecific enzyme is ubiquitously expressed in a variety of tissues including liver, bone, kidney and is predominant in osteoblasts. Alkaline phosphatase is also known as mesenchymal stem cell antigen 1 or tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase.

Alkaline phosphatase hydrolyses pyrophosphate (PPi) to inorganic phosphate and thus maintains a balance between the two forms of phosphate which is highly essential for mineralization. Higher levels of serum alkaline phosphatase is found in prostate cancer. Severe TNAP deficiency refers to hypophosphatasia characterized with defective pyridoxal 5′-phosphate metabolism and skeletal hypomineralization.

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