Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) or monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF) is part of the C-C chemokine family. The gene encoding this protein is localized on human chromosome 17q12.

Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) has been used to study its effects on the motility of lymphoblastoid cell line NC–NC cells.

The biological activity is measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro-B cells transfected with human CCR2A. The ED<SUB>50</SUB> for this effect is typically 5-30 ng/mL.

Measured by its ability to chemoattract 2-day cultured human monocytes, Matsushima, K., et al. (1989) J. Exp. Med. 169:1485, the ED<SUB>50</SUB> for this effect is typically 5-20 ng/mL.

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) triggers the activation of monocytes by triggering degranulation as well as respiratory burst activity in monocytes. It facilitates monocytes in inhibiting or enhancing the growth of specific brain tumor cell lines. MCP-1 chemoattracts monocytes, macrophages, T cells and natural killer cells. The protein is overexpressed in atherosclerosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. It is also implicated in Kawasaki disease.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in phosphate buffered saline containing 0.5 mg bovine serum albumin.