Aconitase (Aconitate Hydratase) is an enzyme in the citric acid (TCA) and glyoxylate cycles that catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. The activity of aconitase depends largely upon the iron-sulfur [Fe⁴S⁴] 2+ cluster. Related diseases include aconitase deficiency (such as myopathy and exercise intolerance. Friedreich′s ataxia and diabetes.) Mitochondrial aconitase also plays a role in stabilizing mtDNA, thereby influencing mitochondrial gene expression. Aconitase serves as a reliable marker of mitochondrial and cellular oxidative stress. The alteration of mitochondrial aconitase can lead to reduced energy production. The cytosolic form can act as an aconitase and also as an iron regulatory protein. The enzyme′s activity is inhibited by citrate analogs and fluoracetate. Oxidative stress agents like peroxynitrite, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide can deactivate the enzyme by converting the [Fe⁴S⁴] cluster to a [Fe3S⁴] cluster.

Suitable for aconitase activity determination in biological samples (e.g. cell lysate, tissue homogenate, serum, etc.)

The Aconitase Assay Kit may be used for:

• Cellular and Mitchondrial Metabolism Research
• Oxidative Stress Research
• Neurological Research

The Aconitase Assay Kit measures the isocitrate generated as a product of the aconitase reaction. The isocitrate is then oxidized producing NADPH and the oxidation product. The NADPH converts the dye to an intense violet color with an absorption maximum at 565 nm. The increase in absorbance at 565 nm is directly proportional to aconitase activity.

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