Staurosporine

Chemical structure: indol derivative

Staurosporine is an alkaloid that is obtained from Streptomyces sp. It possesses a wide range of activities such as protein kinase C inhibitor, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, and blockage of cell cycle progression in various cells. Staurosporine is a well-known inducer of apoptosis in various cell lines. The mechanisms of staurosporine-induced apoptosis vary among different cell lines that include, mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, Bcl-2 overexpression, and caspase-independent mechanisms. It partially reverses multi-drug resistance (MDR), sensitizing cells with MDR phenotype to cytotoxic agents. Staurosporine inhibits p-glycoprotein (Pgp) phosphorylation. However, the functional significance of Pgp phosphorylation is ill-defined.

Staurosporine has been used as an apoptosis inducer in apoptosis assay in human colorectal cancer cell lines and to evaluate the caspase 3 and 7 activity in endothelial cell line. It has also been used as a positive control in apoptosis assay in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Potent inhibitor of phospholipid/calcium-dependent protein kinase. Inhibits the upregulation of VEGF expression in tumor cells.

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Tested for inhibition of interleukin 2 production in Jurkat cells.