Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) encoding β-catenin, belongs to armadillo-repeat family. In human chromosome, the gene CTNNB1 is localized on 3p22.1.

Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and in signal transduction through the Wnt pathway.

Peptide sequence around aa. 31-35 (L-D-S-G-I), according to the protein CTNNB1.

Catenin beta-1 (CTNNB1) is a signalling molecule in the nucleus and anchors actin cytoskeleton to cadherin-based adherens junctions. Phosphorylation causes dissociation of β-catenin from E-cadherin and degradation by proteasome pathway. β-catenin is a key molecule in wingless/integrated (wnt) signalling. β-catenin forms a complex with kindlin 2 and T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) to regulate wnt target gene expression. Mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and CTNNB1 gene affects β-catenin intracellular localization and stability, contributing to aberrant expression of wnt/β-catenin in malignant melanoma. β-catenin is a major oncoprotein, which downregulates death associated protein kinase 2 (Dapk2) and inhibits anoikis of cancer cells. β-catenin expression is suppressed and its downstream gene transcription function is regulated by a tumor suppressor protein fragile histidine triad (Fhit). High expression of mucin 1 (MUC1), translocates β-catenin out of the nucleus and inhibits β-catenin regulated cell proliferation. Somatic mutations of CTNNB1 in glycogen synthase kinase 3β−casein kinase 1 (GSK-3β−CK1) phosphorylation site results in loss of phosphorylation of β-catenin. This causes aberrant wnt-signalling and leads to adrenocortical adenomas and adrenocortical carcinoma.

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Solution in phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol

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