Gentiopicroside

Gentiopicroside (GPS) is a secoiridoid glycoside sourced from the dried roots of Gentiana rigescens.

Gentiopicroside has been used as a reference standard for the quantification of iridoid glycoside in six Caucasian Gentians herb samples using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) technique.

Gentiopicroside is a potent anti-arthritic agent. It displays hepatoprotective effects in arthritic rats by improving oxidative stress and reducing inflammation in combination with leflunomide and/or methotrexate by regulating mRNA genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. It also displays its efficacy by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS)-Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome axis in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in vitro and in vivo models. Gentiopicroside exerts antiaging properties in yeast prolonging lifespan and inducing mitophagy and reducing oxidative stress. It prevents osteoporosis by regulating β-catenin-BMPsignaling and promoting osteogenesis in vitro.

Gentiopicroside is an important active component of secoiridoid glycosides from Gentiana macrophylla Pall that exhibit anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and liver protecting activities. Gentiopicroside protects chondrocytes from IL-1β-induced inflammation response.