Solamargine

Solamargine, a pharmacologically versatile steroidal glycoalkaloid, exhibits potent anticancer activity (IC₅₀ 0.91–20 µM) and reverses multidrug resistance by inhibiting P-glycoprotein. Solamargine’s pleiotropic action is defined by a multi-pronged mechanism that induces apoptosis via extrinsic (TNFR/Fas)/intrinsic (Bcl-2/Bax) pathways while suppressing pro-survival (STAT3, PI3K/Akt) and metastatic signaling, potentially guided by selective RBL receptor uptake. This versatility extends to distinct antiviral and anti-inflammatory roles, exemplified by Solamargine’s ability to inhibit HBV replication through MZF1 protein interaction and suppress skin inflammation via the p38 MAPK pathway.