TBP is the core protein of the transcription factor IID complex, the multiprotein DNA-binding factor that coordinates activities necessary for initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II.

The TATA-binding protein (TBP) is believed to function as an essential factor of the general transcription machinery and to be involved in transcription by all three eukaryotic RNA polymerases (pol I, II, and III). TBP specifically binds to the TATA element at the promoter region and interacts with numerous transcription factors, including TBP-associated factors (TAFs), activators, and some tumor suppressor proteins.

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