Snake venom

Snake venom from Vipera russelli (Russell′s Viper) has been used for extraction of coagulant protein for complex generation with bovine X factor.

Snake venom from Vipera russelli (Russell′s Viper) has also been used as a positive control in indirect and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to study the performance of the immunochromatographic test (ICT)-Viper in venom detection in vitro and the detection of clinical envenoming, respectively.

Snake venom from Russell′s Viper is rich in toxins and proteinase inhibitors. The receptor from Vipera russelli β-RTX, interacts with monoamines and opiate and prevents their interaction with native receptors. The proteases from Russell′s Viper mediate coagulation in human plasma. The neurotoxicity of the venom is contributed by phospholipases.

Snake venom can impose death on humans and animals. Nevertheless, snake venom also exhibits anti-bacterial and wound healing properties. Therefore, it is used as a therapeutic for treating various diseases including thrombosis, arthritis, and cancer.