Research area: Cell Signaling

Thyrotropic hormone or thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) belongs to the glycoprotein hormone family. Thyrotroph cells of the anterior pituitary gland produces TSH and is stored in the secretory granules. It comprises a heterodimer of two noncovalently linked subunits, α and β.

Thyrotropic hormone from human pituitary has been used as a supplement in the fetal thyroid organoid culture medium for stimulating maturation. It has also been used as a medium supplement for primary cell culture, and is used further to study the molecular mechanisms of estrogen-mediated growth stimulation of human thyroid tumor cells.

In children, thyroid hormones are very much essential for the normal cognition and neurodevelopment. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test is mainly used to diagnose thyroid function.

The product can enhance vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and angiogenesis in thyroid cancer celllines.TSHR activated by TSH activates both the adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) pathway (via Gsa) and the phosphoinositol/calcium (IP/Ca2+; via Gq) second messenger signaling pathway by interacting with Gs and Gq G-proteins. In mature adipocytes, TSH aids in lipid metabolism by inhibiting fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression via, activating protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases/p42/p44 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).

Two-chain glycoprotein hormone. The α-chain is not active, biological specificity attributed rather to the β-chain. Activates adenylate cyclase in the thyroid gland, stimulating iodine uptake, thyroxine synthesis and release. Goitrogenic.

Package size based on hormone

Contains hormone and salts from approx. 0.1 mL of 0.05 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4.