The Journal of investigative dermatology, 133(6), 1646-1654 (2013-01-24)
Dermal connective tissue is a supportive structure required for skin's barrier function; dysregulated dermal homeostasis results in chronic wounds and fibrotic diseases. The multifunctional cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF) β promotes connective tissue deposition, repair, and fibrosis. TGF-β acts through
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 7(3), 253-306 (1987-09-01)
Trans-zearalenone, a resorcylic acid lactone, also known as F-2 toxin, is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by numerous species of Fusarium. As a result zearalenone is found in a number of cereal crops and their derived food products. A closely
There is growing interest in the discovery of bioactive metabolites from endophytes as an alternative source of therapeutics. Identification of their therapeutic targets is essential in understanding the underlying mechanisms and enhancing the resultant therapeutic effects. As such, bioactive compounds
The control of mycotoxins is a global challenge not only in human consumption but also in nutrition of farm animals including aquatic species. Fusarium toxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN), are common contaminants of animal feed but no
Journal of veterinary science, 13(4), 363-369 (2012-12-29)
In this study, we developed a novel tool for purifying two mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN), in feed. This system utilized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against AFB1 and ZEN, and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Among ten MNPs with different diameters
This study reports on the detailed investigation of human deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) in vivo metabolism through the analysis of urine samples obtained from one volunteer following a naturally contaminated diet containing 138μg DON and 10μg ZEN over a
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 53, 133-138 (2012-12-04)
The aflatoxins (AFs), deoxynivalenol (DON), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEA) are mycotoxins produced by fungal species which can contaminate, alone or simultaneously, cereal-based raw materials. Usually, the higher mycotoxins concentrations in cereals are found in the external layers of
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 504, 205-216 (2002-04-02)
Zearalenone (ZEN), a common contaminant of all major cereal grains worldwide, is produced by some plant pathogenic molds including Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum. The biological activity of this mycotoxin is mainly attributed to its estrogenic activity that modulates/disrupts endocrine
Recently, it was reported that the development of breast tissue and secondary sex characteristics in girls occurred at much younger age and the incidences of premature thelarce (PT) and central idiopathic precocious puberty (ICPP) are increasing. In this context, we
Mycotoxins are considered to be significant contaminants of food and animal feed. Zearalenone (ZEA) is a hepatotoxic mycotoxin with estrogenic and anabolic activity found in cereal grains worldwide. ZEA affects hematological and immunological parameters in humans and rodents. The compound
Applied and environmental microbiology, 79(6), 2038-2047 (2013-01-22)
10,11-Dehydrocurvularin is a prevalent fungal phytotoxin with heat shock response and immune-modulatory activities. It features a dihydroxyphenylacetic acid lactone polyketide framework with structural similarities to resorcylic acid lactones like radicicol or zearalenone. A genomic locus was identified from the dehydrocurvularin
Zearalenone and zeranol: potential residue problems in livestock.
S F Sundlof et al.
Veterinary and human toxicology, 28(3), 242-250 (1986-06-01)
Journal of hazardous materials, 244-245, 429-435 (2013-01-01)
The aim of this study was to screen microbes for their zearalenone degrading potential and to select microbes whose activities do not create toxic or endocrine disrupting metabolites. Bioluminescent bioreporters (Saccharomyces cerevisiae BLYES and BLYR) were successfully used to monitor
Journal of natural products, 76(11), 2145-2149 (2013-11-08)
Sumalarins A-C (1-3), the new and rare examples of sulfur-containing curvularin derivatives, along with three known analogues (4-6), were isolated and identified from the cytotoxic extract of Penicillium sumatrense MA-92, a fungus obtained from the rhizosphere of the mangrove Lumnitzera
International journal of food microbiology, 161(3), 182-188 (2013-01-22)
The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RC008 and RC016 strains, previously selected based on their aflatoxin B₁ mycotoxin binding ability and beneficial properties, against Aspergillus carbonarius and Fusarium graminearum under different interacting environmental conditions was evaluated. In vitro studies on the
Determination of zearalenone and its metabolites in urine, plasma and faeces of horses by HPLC-APCI-MS.
Songsermsakul P, et al.
Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 843(2), 252-261 (2006)
Development of a liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of trichothecenes, zearalenone and aflatoxins in foodstuffs
Tanaka H, et al.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 20(9), 1422-1428 (2006)
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 45(1), 1-18 (2006-10-19)
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium in foods and feeds. It is frequently implicated in reproductive disorders of farm animals and occasionally in hyperoestrogenic syndromes in humans. There is evidence that ZEA
A sensitive and specific method for the quantitative determination of zearalenone (ZEN) and its major metabolites (α-zearalenol (α-ZEL), β-zearalenol (β-ZEL), α-zearalanol (α-ZAL), β-zearalanol (β-ZAL) and zearalanone (ZAN)) in animal plasma using liquid chromatography combined with heated electrospray ionization (h-ESI) tandem
Chemical research in toxicology, 26(3), 305-312 (2013-01-26)
Fusarium mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by Fusarium spp. in cereals. Among them, deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are widespread worldwide contaminants of cereal commodities and are ranked as the most important chronic dietary risk factors. Their conjugates, known as
Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 27(3), 1007-1017 (2013-02-05)
Zearalenone (ZEN) and its metabolites are commonly found in many food commodities and are known to cause reproductive disorders and genotoxic effects. The major ZEN metabolites are α-zearalenol (α-ZOL) and β-zearalenol (β-ZOL). Although many studies have demonstrated the cytotoxic effects
Journal of AOAC International, 95(6), 1701-1708 (2013-03-05)
A comparison has been made of an LC/MS/MS method using direct analysis of acetonitrile extracts of feed and cereal samples and a method using acetonitrile extraction and subsequent immunoaffinity column (IAC) cleanup. Naturally contaminated samples containing one or more of
Polish journal of veterinary sciences, 12(1), 149-158 (2009-05-23)
Among large husbandry animals, swine are the most predisposed to zearalenone (ZEA) intoxication, mainly because cereal is an important component of their diet. Studies performed so far (in vivo, in vitro) suggest that ZEA and its metabolites, which may appear
Mycotoxins are metabolic products of mycotoxins which have various chemical structures and show various toxic effects. Deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) is an important economic factor in pig production due to growth depression and suppression of the immune system. Previous studies have shown
Levels of zearalenone and its metabolites in sun-dried kapenta fish and water of Lake Kariba in Zambia?A preliminary study.
Gonkowski S, et al.
The Science of the Total Environment, 637, 1046-1050 (2018)
Clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCC), the major histologic subtype of RCC accounting for more than 80% of cases, are typified by biallelic inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene. Although accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF-α) is
Environmental toxicology and pharmacology, 36(2), 732-740 (2013-08-07)
Zearalenone (ZEN) has been implicated in several cases of mycotoxicosis in farm animals and humans. The toxic effects of ZEN have been well characterized, but little is known regarding the mechanisms of ZEN toxicity, including the involvement of the oxidative
Fusarium graminearum is a necrotrophic plant pathogen of cereals that produces mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) in grains. The stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase FgOS-2 is a central regulator in F. graminearum and controls, among others, virulence and
Journal of natural products, 74(5), 1126-1131 (2011-04-26)
As part of our ongoing investigation of filamentous fungi for anticancer leads, an active fungal extract was identified from the Mycosynthetix library (MSX 63935; related to Phoma sp.). The initial extract exhibited cytotoxic activity against the H460 (human non-small cell
Toxins derived from Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum and F. crookwellense: zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol and fusarenone X.
IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, 56, 397-444 (1993-01-01)