450006

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Characterization of the Dynamic Germination of Individual Clostridium difficile Spores Using Raman Spectroscopy and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy.

Shiwei Wang et al.

Journal of bacteriology, 197(14), 2361-2373 (2015-05-06)

The Gram-positive spore-forming anaerobe Clostridium difficile is a leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea. Spores of C. difficile initiate infection when triggered to germinate by bile salts in the gastrointestinal tract. We analyzed germination kinetics of individual C. difficile spores using

Elevated expression of Notch-1 and EGFR induced apoptosis in glioblastoma multiforme patients.

Zhen-yi Xing et al.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 131, 54-58 (2015-02-24)

The Notch signaling pathway has been well recognized as important adjuster in glioma tumorigenesis and could regulate the glioma cell proliferation through downstream factors such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Our current study was aim to investigate the clinical

Tsv-N1: A Novel DNA Algal Virus that Infects Tetraselmis striata.

António Pagarete et al.

Viruses, 7(7), 3937-3953 (2015-07-21)

Numbering in excess of 10 million per milliliter of water, it is now undisputed that aquatic viruses are one of the major factors shaping the ecology and evolution of Earth's microbial world. Nonetheless, environmental viral diversity and roles remain poorly

Mouse aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3B2 is localized to lipid droplets via two C-terminal tryptophan residues and lipid modification.

Takuya Kitamura et al.

The Biochemical journal, 465(1), 79-87 (2014-10-07)

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) catalyse the conversion of toxic aldehydes into non-toxic carboxylic acids. Of the 21 ALDHs in mice, it is the ALDH3 family members (ALDH3A1, ALDH3A2, ALDH3B1, ALDH3B2 and ALDH3B3) that are responsible for the removal of lipid-derived aldehydes.

Insights from reconstitution reactions of COPII vesicle formation using pure components and low mechanical perturbation.

Sebastian Daum et al.

Biological chemistry, 395(7-8), 801-812 (2014-07-09)

As shape transformations of membranes are vital for intracellular trafficking, it is crucial to understand both the mechanics and the biochemistry of these processes. The interplay of these two factors constitutes an experimental challenge, however, because biochemical experiments are not

Crosstalk between nitric oxide and glutathione is required for NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1)-dependent defense signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Izabella Kovacs et al.

The New phytologist, 208(3), 860-872 (2015-06-23)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous signaling molecule involved in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes in animals and plants. Although its significant influence on plant immunity is well known, information about the exact regulatory mechanisms and signaling

Betaine supplementation in maternal diet modulates the epigenetic regulation of hepatic gluconeogenic genes in neonatal piglets.

Demin Cai et al.

PloS one, 9(8), e105504-e105504 (2014-08-26)

In this study, gestational sows were fed control or betaine-supplemented diets (3 g/kg) throughout the pregnancy, and the newborn piglets were used to elucidate whether maternal dietary betaine affected offspring hepatic gluconeogenic genes through epigenetic mechanisms. Neonatal piglets born to

Soluble Urokinase Receptor Is Released Selectively by Glioblastoma Cells That Express Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Variant III and Promotes Tumor Cell Migration and Invasion.

Andrew S Gilder et al.

The Journal of biological chemistry, 290(24), 14798-14809 (2015-04-04)

Genomic heterogeneity is characteristic of glioblastoma (GBM). In many GBMs, the EGF receptor gene (EGFR) is amplified and may be truncated to generate a constitutively active form of the receptor called EGFRvIII. EGFR gene amplification and EGFRvIII are associated with

Inhibitory effects of (-)-loliolide on cellular senescence in human dermal fibroblasts.

Hyo Hyun Yang et al.

Archives of pharmacal research, 38(5), 876-884 (2014-07-06)

Cellular senescence influences tumor suppression and progress, tissue repair and regeneration, tissue and organismal aging, and age-related diseases. Aging intervention might be an advantageous target for prevention and treatment of diverse age-related diseases. In this study, we investigated whether (-)-loliolide

Role of the oligopeptide permease ABC Transporter of Moraxella catarrhalis in nutrient acquisition and persistence in the respiratory tract.

Megan M Jones et al.

Infection and immunity, 82(11), 4758-4766 (2014-08-27)

Moraxella catarrhalis is a strict human pathogen that causes otitis media in children and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults, resulting in significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. M. catarrhalis has a growth requirement for arginine; thus, acquiring arginine

Lipidomic differentiation between human kidney tumors and surrounding normal tissues using HILIC-HPLC/ESI-MS and multivariate data analysis.

Eva Cífková et al.

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 1000, 14-21 (2015-07-25)

The characterization of differences among polar lipid classes in tumors and surrounding normal tissues of 20 kidney cancer patients is performed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The detailed analysis of identified lipid

Anoctamin 6 mediates effects essential for innate immunity downstream of P2X7 receptors in macrophages.

Jiraporn Ousingsawat et al.

Nature communications, 6, 6245-6245 (2015-02-06)

Purinergic P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) are fundamental to innate immune response. In macrophages, transient stimulation of P2X7R activates several transport mechanisms and induces the scrambling of phospholipids with subsequent membrane blebbing and apoptosis. These processes support phagocytosis and subsequent killing of

Selective Dysregulation of Hippocampal Inhibition in the Mouse Lacking Autism Candidate Gene CNTNAP2.

Sofia Jurgensen et al.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 35(43), 14681-14687 (2015-10-30)

Mutations in the human gene encoding contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) have been strongly associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Cntnap2(-/-) mice recapitulate major features of ASD, including social impairment, reduced vocalizations, and repetitive behavior. In addition, Cntnap2(-/-) mice show reduced

Inhibitors of endocytosis prevent Wnt/Wingless signalling by reducing the level of basal β-catenin/Armadillo.

Maria Gagliardi et al.

Journal of cell science, 127(Pt 22), 4918-4926 (2014-09-23)

A key step in the canonical Wnt signalling pathway is the inhibition of GSK3β, which results in the accumulation of nuclear β-catenin (also known as CTNNB1), and hence regulation of target genes. Evidence suggests that endocytosis is required for signalling

HOXB9 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via transforming growth factor-β1 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Lin Sha et al.

Clinical and experimental medicine, 15(1), 55-64 (2014-08-02)

The function of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression is well established. However, the regulatory mechanisms modulating this phenomenon remain unclear. Homeobox B9 (HOXB9) has been proposed as an oncogene in many cancer developments, but its function

Desmoglein-2 interaction is crucial for cardiomyocyte cohesion and function.

Angela Schlipp et al.

Cardiovascular research, 104(2), 245-257 (2014-09-13)

We determined the contribution of the desmosomal cadherin desmoglein-2 to cell-cell cohesion in cardiomyocytes. In the intercalated disc, providing mechanical strength and electrical communication between adjacent cardiomyocytes, desmoglein-2 is closely associated with N-cadherin and gap junctions. We studied intercalated discs

Transcriptional regulation of Annexin A2 promotes starvation-induced autophagy.

Kevin Moreau et al.

Nature communications, 6, 8045-8045 (2015-08-21)

Autophagy is an important degradation pathway, which is induced after starvation, where it buffers nutrient deprivation by recycling macromolecules in organisms from yeast to man. While the classical pathway mediating this response is via mTOR inhibition, there are likely to

Application of bar adsorptive microextraction (BAμE) for anti-doping control screening of anabolic steroids in urine matrices.

S M Ahmad et al.

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 969, 35-41 (2014-08-27)

This study proposes a new analytical methodology for the determination of trace levels of testosterone (T) and epitestosterone (E) in urine matrices using bar adsorptive microextraction combined with liquid desorption followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (BAμE-LD/HPLC-DAD).

Tumor-targeted responsive nanoparticle-based systems for magnetic resonance imaging and therapy.

Ronak Savla et al.

Pharmaceutical research, 31(12), 3487-3502 (2014-06-13)

Design and synthesis of a tumor responsive nanoparticle-based system for imaging and treatment of various cancers. Manganese oxide nanoparticles (Mn3O4 NPs) were synthesized and modified with LHRH targeting peptide or anti-melanoma antibodies (cancer targeting moieties) and a MMP2 cleavable peptide

The Aspergillus fumigatus pkcA G579R Mutant Is Defective in the Activation of the Cell Wall Integrity Pathway but Is Dispensable for Virulence in a Neutropenic Mouse Infection Model.

Marina Campos Rocha et al.

PloS one, 10(8), e0135195-e0135195 (2015-08-22)

Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic human pathogen, which causes the life-threatening disease, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. In fungi, cell wall homeostasis is controlled by the conserved Cell Wall Integrity (CWI) pathway. In A. fumigatus this signaling cascade is partially characterized, but

Retinal functional alterations in mice lacking intermediate filament proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin.

Kirsten A Wunderlich et al.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 29(12), 4815-4828 (2015-08-08)

Vimentin (Vim) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are important components of the intermediate filament (IF) (or nanofilament) system of astroglial cells. We conducted full-field electroretinogram (ERG) recordings and found that whereas photoreceptor responses (a-wave) were normal in uninjured GFAP(-/-)Vim(-/-)

Localized experimental bone metastasis drives osteolysis and sensory hypersensitivity at distant non-tumor-bearing sites.

Dareen M Abdelaziz et al.

Breast cancer research and treatment, 153(1), 9-20 (2015-07-26)

Patients with breast cancer metastasis to bone suffer from inadequate pain relief. Animal models provide increased understanding of cancer-induced bone and sensory alterations. The objective of this study was to investigate the measures of pain at distant non-tumor-bearing sites in

Galectin-3 inhibits osteoblast differentiation through notch signaling.

Kosei Nakajima et al.

Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.), 16(11), 939-949 (2014-11-27)

Patients with bone cancer metastasis suffer from unbearable pain and bone fractures due to bone remodeling. This is caused by tumor cells that disturb the bone microenvironment. Here, we have investigated the role of tumor-secreted sugar-binding protein, i.e., galectin-3, on

The comparison of dispersive solid phase extraction and multi-plug filtration cleanup method based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes for pesticides multi-residue analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

Yuhong Qin et al.

Journal of chromatography. A, 1385, 1-11 (2015-02-11)

In this study, dispersive-Solid Phase Extraction (d-SPE) cleanup and multi-plug filtration cleanup (m-PFC) methods were compared for 25 representative pesticides in six matrices (wheat, spinach, carrot, apple, citrus and peanut) by QuEChERS-LC-ESI-MS/MS detection. The type of sorbents in dispersive-SPE (d-SPE)

Formation of dioxins on NiO and NiCl2 at different oxygen concentrations.

Jie Yang et al.

Chemosphere, 133, 97-102 (2015-05-08)

Model fly ash (MFA) containing activated carbon (AC) as source of carbon, NaCl as source of chlorine and either NiO or NiCl2 as de novo catalyst, was heated for 1h at 350 °C in a carrier gas flow composed of

Novel 4-heteroaryl-antipyrines as DPP-IV inhibitors.

Sobhi M Gomha et al.

Chemical biology & drug design, 86(5), 1292-1303 (2015-06-03)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a vast growing progressive disease that almost affects one person among every twelve globally. Regardless the availability of wide variety of oral hypoglycemics, only one-third of patients achieves proper glycemic control. With the advantage of

Exposure of Trypanosoma brucei to an N-acetylglucosamine-binding lectin induces VSG switching and glycosylation defects resulting in reduced infectivity.

Víctor M Castillo-Acosta et al.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 9(3), e0003612-e0003612 (2015-03-10)

Trypanosoma brucei variant surface glycoproteins (VSG) are glycosylated by both paucimannose and oligomannose structures which are involved in the formation of a protective barrier against the immune system. Here, we report that the stinging nettle lectin (UDA), with predominant N-acetylglucosamine-binding

A novel assay uncovers an unexpected role for SR-BI in LDL transcytosis.

Susan M Armstrong et al.

Cardiovascular research, 108(2), 268-277 (2015-09-04)

Retention of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol beneath the arterial endothelium initiates an inflammatory response culminating in atherosclerosis. Since the overlying endothelium is healthy and intact early on, it is likely that LDL passes through endothelial cells by transcytosis. However, technical

Renal nerve stimulation leads to the activation of the Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3 via angiotensin II type I receptor.

Roberto B Pontes et al.

American journal of physiology. Renal physiology, 308(8), F848-F856 (2015-02-07)

Renal nerve stimulation at a low frequency (below 2 Hz) causes water and sodium reabsorption via α1-adrenoreceptor tubular activation, a process independent of changes in systemic blood pressure, renal blood flow, or glomerular filtration rate. However, the underlying mechanism of

In vitro effects of the organophosphorus pesticide malathion on the reactivity of rat aorta.

Marco Tulio Menezes de Carvalho et al.

Pharmacology, 94(3-4), 157-162 (2014-10-11)

There is a remarkable paucity of studies analyzing the role of the endothelium-derived relaxing factors on the vascular effects of organophosphates. This study was carried out to evaluate the vascular effects of malathion and the role of nitric oxide (NO)

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