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Showing 1-30 of 109 results for "S106" within Papers
Daniele Linaro et al.
Neuron, 104(5), 972-986 (2019-11-26)
How neural circuits develop in the human brain has remained almost impossible to study at the neuronal level. Here, we investigate human cortical neuron development, plasticity, and function using a mouse/human chimera model in which xenotransplanted human cortical pyramidal neurons
Patricia Kreis et al.
PloS one, 8(8), e71957-e71957 (2013-08-14)
Defects in actin dynamics affect activity-dependent modulation of synaptic transmission and neuronal plasticity, and can cause cognitive impairment. A salient candidate actin-binding protein linking synaptic dysfunction to cognitive deficits is Drebrin (DBN). However, the specific mode of how DBN is
Asha K Lahiri et al.
Neuron, 106(2), 277-290 (2020-02-23)
Substantia nigra dopamine neurons have been implicated in the initiation and invigoration of movement, presumably through their modulation of striatal projection neuron (SPN) activity. However, the impact of native dopaminergic transmission on SPN excitability has not been directly demonstrated. Using
Gubbi Govindaiah et al.
eNeuro, 7(6) (2020-10-25)
Retinofugal synapses serve as models for understanding how sensory signals from the periphery are relayed to the brain. Past studies have focused primarily on understanding the postsynaptic glutamatergic receptor subtypes involved in signal transmission, but the mechanisms underlying glutamate release
Marvin R Diaz et al.
PloS one, 8(1), e55673-e55673 (2013-02-06)
Cerebellar granule cells (CGNs) are one of many neurons that express phasic and tonic GABAergic conductances. Although it is well established that Golgi cells (GoCs) mediate phasic GABAergic currents in CGNs, their role in mediating tonic currents in CGNs (CGN-I(tonic))
Amanda Borgquist et al.
Journal of neurophysiology, 113(3), 904-914 (2014-11-14)
Since estradiol attenuates cannabinoid-induced increases in energy intake, energy expenditure, and transmission at proopiomelanocortin (POMC) synapses in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), we tested the hypothesis that neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) plays an integral role. To this end, whole
Lucille A Moore et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 37(39), 9453-9464 (2017-08-30)
The central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC) of the auditory midbrain, which integrates most ascending auditory information from lower brainstem regions, receives prominent long-range inhibitory input from the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (VNLL), a region thought to
Wenjie Zou et al.
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 10, 1031872-1031872 (2023-01-03)
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of epilepsy with focal seizures which in some conditions can develop into secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures by the propagation of epileptic activities in the temporal lobe to other brain areas. The
Alexander Thiele et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 32(47), 16602-16615 (2012-11-24)
Previous studies have investigated the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on neuronal tuning, coding, and attention in primary visual cortex, but its contribution to coding in extrastriate cortex is unexplored. Here we investigate the effects of ACh on tuning properties of
Cole W Graydon et al.
Current biology : CB, 28(17), 2739-2751 (2018-08-21)
To understand computation in a neural circuit requires a complete synaptic connectivity map and a thorough grasp of the information-processing tasks performed by the circuit. Here, we dissect a microcircuit in the mouse retina in which scotopic visual information (i.e.
Yan-Hua Bing et al.
Die Pharmazie, 70(2), 129-134 (2015-05-23)
Cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) respond to sensory stimulation via climbing fiber and mossy fiber-granule cell pathways, and generate motor-related outputs according to internal rules of integration and computation. However, the dynamic properties of sensory information processed by PC in mouse
Miguel Angel Garcia-Bereguiain et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 33(16), 6791-6799 (2013-04-19)
When spiking activity within a network is perturbed for hours to days, compensatory changes in synaptic strength are triggered that are thought to be important for the homeostatic maintenance of network or cellular spiking activity. In one form of this
Yvonne Johansson et al.
Cell reports, 30(4), 1178-1194 (2020-01-30)
To understand striatal function, it is essential to know the functional organization of the numerous inputs targeting the diverse population of striatal neurons. Using optogenetics, we activated terminals from ipsi- or contralateral primary somatosensory cortex (S1) or primary motor cortex
G Mark Freeman et al.
Neuron, 78(5), 799-806 (2013-06-15)
Systems of coupled oscillators abound in nature. How they establish stable phase relationships under diverse conditions is fundamentally important. The mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a self-sustained, synchronized network of circadian oscillators that coordinates daily rhythms in physiology and behavior.
Petr Unichenko et al.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 28(8), 2873-2886 (2017-11-07)
Neuroligin-4 (Nlgn4) is a cell adhesion protein that regulates synapse organization and function. Mutations in human NLGN4 are among the causes of autism spectrum disorders. In mouse, Nlgn4 knockout (KO) perturbs GABAergic synaptic transmission and oscillatory activity in hippocampus, and
Ping Liu et al.
Nature communications, 11(1), 5076-5076 (2020-10-10)
Proper threat-reward decision-making is critical to animal survival. Emerging evidence indicates that the motor system may participate in decision-making but the neural circuit and molecular bases for these functions are little known. We found in C. elegans that GABAergic motor
Latefa Yekhlef et al.
Scientific reports, 7, 43230-43230 (2017-02-24)
We investigated whether an anti-epileptic effect is obtained by selectively activating excitatory neurons expressing ChR2 under the promoter for the synaptic vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2). VGLUT2-expressing cells were optically stimulated while local field potential and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were
Giulia Puia et al.
Frontiers in neural circuits, 6, 94-94 (2012-12-13)
The balance between glutamate- and GABA-mediated neurotransmission in the brain is fundamental in the nervous system, but it is regulated by the "tonic" release of a variety of endogenous factors. One such important group of molecules are the neurosteroids (NSs)
Bridget M McKay et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 33(13), 5499-5506 (2013-03-29)
Learning-related intrinsic excitability changes of pyramidal neurons via modulation of the postburst afterhyperpolarization (AHP) have been repeatedly demonstrated in multiple brain regions (especially the hippocampus), after a variety of learning tasks, and in multiple species. While exciting and important, the
Daniel A Llano et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 32(46), 16141-16148 (2012-11-16)
Flavoprotein autofluorescence imaging was used to examine auditory cortical synaptic responses in aged animals with behavioral evidence of tinnitus and hearing loss. Mice were exposed to noise trauma at 1-3 months of age and were assessed for behavioral evidence of
Nicholas M George et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 42(8), 1491-1509 (2022-01-14)
The axon initial segment (AIS), nodes of Ranvier, and the oligodendrocyte-derived myelin sheath have significant influence on the firing patterns of neurons and the faithful, coordinated transmission of action potentials (APs) to downstream brain regions. In the olfactory bulb (OB)
Yu-Ting Mao et al.
Neural plasticity, 2013, 530651-530651 (2013-11-30)
Loss of sensory input from peripheral organ damage, sensory deprivation, or brain damage can result in adaptive or maladaptive changes in sensory cortex. In previous research, we found that auditory cortical tuning and tonotopy were impaired by cross-modal invasion of
Anna Cavaccini et al.
Neuron, 98(4), 801-816 (2018-05-01)
Monoaminergic modulation of cortical and thalamic inputs to the dorsal striatum (DS) is crucial for reward-based learning and action control. While dopamine has been extensively investigated in this context, the synaptic effects of serotonin (5-HT) have been largely unexplored. Here
Roman U Goz et al.
Journal of neurophysiology, 123(6), 2449-2464 (2020-05-14)
Somatic mutations have emerged as the likely cause of focal epilepsies associated with developmental malformations and epilepsy-associated glioneuronal tumors (GNT). Somatic BRAFV600E mutations in particular have been detected in the majority of low-grade neuroepithelial tumors (LNETS) and in neurons in
G C Gregoriou et al.
Molecular pharmacology, 98(4), 454-461 (2020-07-02)
Endogenous opioid peptides in the amygdala regulate many of our behaviors and emotional responses. In particular, the endogenous opioid enkephalin plays a significant role in regulating amygdala activity, but its action is strongly limited by peptidases, which degrade enkephalin into
Amanda L Zimmerman et al.
Neuron, 102(2), 420-434 (2019-03-04)
Presynaptic inhibition (PSI) of primary sensory neurons is implicated in controlling gain and acuity in sensory systems. Here, we define circuit mechanisms and functions of PSI of cutaneous somatosensory neuron inputs to the spinal cord. We observed that PSI can
Kotaro Takano et al.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 412(17), 4037-4043 (2020-04-25)
A convenient analytical system for protein-ligand interactions under crude conditions was developed using native mass spectrometry (MS). As a model protein, Escherichia coli (E. coli) dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) with and without a histidine tag was used for the study. First
Edmund Cauley et al.
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 309(8), H1281-H1287 (2015-09-16)
Hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure (HF) are widespread and debilitating cardiovascular diseases that affect nearly 23 million people worldwide. A distinctive hallmark of these cardiovascular diseases is autonomic imbalance, with increased sympathetic activity and decreased parasympathetic vagal tone. Recent
Kyoko Tossell et al.
The European journal of neuroscience, 53(6), 1722-1737 (2021-02-02)
The activity of midbrain dopamine neurons is strongly regulated by fast synaptic inhibitory γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic inputs. There is growing evidence in other brain regions that low concentrations of ambient GABA can persistently activate certain subtypes of GABAA receptor to
Giulia Quattrocolo et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 33(13), 5486-5498 (2013-03-29)
Cajal-Retzius cells are a class of neurons believed to play critical roles during cortical development. However, their network computational functions remain poorly understood. Although work in the neocortex and hippocampus has shown that Cajal-Retzius cells receive predominantly, if not exclusively
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