Cell biology of molybdenum.

Cell biology of molybdenum.

BioFactors (Oxford, England) (2009-07-23)

Ralf R Mendel

PMID19623604

ABSTRACT

The transition element molybdenum (Mo) is an essential micronutrient that is needed as catalytically active metal during enzyme catalysis. In humans four enzymes depend on Mo: sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidoreductase, aldehyde oxidase, and mitochondrial amidoxime reductase. In addition to these enzymes, plants harbor a fifth Mo-enzyme namely nitrate reductase. To gain biological activity and fulfill its function in enzymes, Mo has to be complexed by a pterin compound thus forming the molybdenum cofactor. This article will review the way that Mo takes from uptake into the cell, via formation of the molybdenum cofactor and its storage, up to the final insertion of the molybdenum cofactor into apometalloenzymes.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

266892

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, <150 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

357227

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

203823

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, <150 μm, 99.99% trace metals basis

GF82512244

Molybdenum, foil, 50mm disks, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF86291679

Molybdenum, foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.025mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF25925902

Molybdenum, foil, 25mm disks, thickness 0.05mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF00768326

Molybdenum, foil, 50mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 99.9%

GF40223685

Molybdenum, foil, 25mm disks, thickness 0.020mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF11451518

Molybdenum, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.020mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF35225445

Molybdenum, foil, 10mm disks, thickness 0.008mm, 99.9%

577987

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, nanopowder, <100 nm particle size (TEM), 99.8% trace metals basis

266922

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, foil, thickness 0.1 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

366986

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, powder, 10 μm, ≥99.95% trace metals basis

357200

Sigma-Aldrich

Molybdenum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF04498702

Molybdenum, foil, 8mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 99.9%

GF92327362

Molybdenum, foil, 25mm disks, thickness 0.20mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF28410139

Molybdenum, foil, 15mm disks, thickness 0.007mm, 99.9%

GF83341111

Molybdenum, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.9%

GF82331265

Molybdenum, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.05mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF46843645

Molybdenum, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.009mm, 99.9%

GF28797058

Molybdenum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.03mm, hard, 99.95%

GF29314188

Molybdenum, rod, 1000mm, diameter 8.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF20045786

Molybdenum, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.002mm, 99.9%

GF59239479

Molybdenum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.8mm, annealed, 99.95%

GF11911474

Molybdenum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.013mm, hard, 99.8+%

GF01123489

Molybdenum, insulated wire, 10m, conductor diameter 0.125mm, insulation thickness 0.012mm, polyimide insulation, 99.95%

GF69690291

Molybdenum, foil, 150x150mm, thickness 0.25mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF99631356

Molybdenum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.03mm, hard, 99.95%

GF52285518

Molybdenum, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.05mm, annealed, 99.95%

GF43124228

Molybdenum, foil, 100x100mm, thickness 0.15mm, annealed, 99.9%