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Tungsten toxicity.

Tungsten toxicity.

Chemico-biological interactions (2011-12-21)

Mark L Witten, Paul R Sheppard, Brandon L Witten

ABSTRACT

There is emerging evidence that tungsten has toxic health effects. We summarize the recent tungsten toxicity research in this short review. Tungsten is widely used in many commercial and military applications because it has the second highest melting temperature of any element. Consequently, it is important to elucidate the potential health effects of tungsten.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.3mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.05mm, gold plated, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, clean, 99.95%

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder, 12 μm, 99.9% trace metals basis

Tungsten, lump, 50g, max. size 5mm

Tungsten, insulated wire, 2m, conductor diameter 0.075mm, insulation thickness 0.02mm, PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) insulation, 99.9%

Tungsten, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 1.0mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, insulated wire, 1m, conductor diameter 0.015mm, insulation thickness 0.002mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.004mm, hard, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.04mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.05mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.08mm, gold plated, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.05mm, gold plated, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.005mm, hard, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.01mm, hard, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.035mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.2mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.5mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 100mm, diameter 0.15mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 150mm, diameter 0.38mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 100mm, diameter 0.25mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 300mm, diameter 0.20mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 300mm, diameter 0.30mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 450mm, diameter 0.38mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 300mm, diameter 0.15mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 19.6mm, diameter 0.5mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire, straight, 25.4mm, diameter 0.5mm, 99.9+%

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.75mm, clean, 99.95%

Tungsten, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.2mm, clean, 99.95%