Primary central nervous system lymphoma and glioblastoma: differentiation using dynamic susceptibility-contrast perfusion-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

The objective was to evaluate diagnostic performance of dynamic susceptibility-contrast perfusion-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in differentiating primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and glioblastoma. Twenty-three glioblastomas and 11 PCNSLs were analyzed with uncorrected cerebral blood volume (CBV) ratio, fifth percentile value of cumulative apparent diffusion coefficient histogram (ADC5%), and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) using regions of interest created semiautomatically on enhancing areas. Uncorrected CBV ratio was highly capable of differentiating PCNSL from glioblastoma, as well as SUVmax and ADC5%. Uncorrected CBV ratio demonstrates high diagnostic performance comparable to SUVmax.