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  • Extracellular polymeric substances govern the development of biofilm and mass transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for improved biodegradation.

Extracellular polymeric substances govern the development of biofilm and mass transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for improved biodegradation.

Bioresource technology (2015-07-05)
Yinping Zhang, Fang Wang, Xiaoshu Zhu, Jun Zeng, Qiguo Zhao, Xin Jiang
ABSTRACT

The hypothesis that extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) affect the formation of biofilms for subsequent enhanced biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was tested. Controlled formation of biofilms on humin particles and biodegradation of phenanthrene and pyrene were performed with bacteria and EPS-extracted bacteria of Micrococcus sp. PHE9 and Mycobacterium sp. NJS-P. Bacteria without EPS extraction developed biofilms on humin, in contrast the EPS-extracted bacteria could not attach to humin particles. In the subsequent biodegradation of phenanthrene and pyrene, the biodegradation rates by biofilms were significantly higher than those of EPS-extracted bacteria. Although, both the biofilms and EPS-extracted bacteria showed increases in EPS contents, only the EPS contents in biofilms displayed significant correlations with the biodegradation efficiencies of phenanthrene and pyrene. It is proposed that the bacterial-produced EPS was a key factor to mediate bacterial attachment to other surfaces and develop biofilms, thereby increasing the bioavailability of poorly soluble PAH for enhanced biodegradation.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Diphenylamine, ACS reagent, ≥99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Diphenylamine, ReagentPlus®, 99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Pyrene, sublimed grade, 99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Pyrene, puriss. p.a., suitable for fluorescence, ≥99.0% (GC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, anhydrous, 99.8%
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetone, ≥99%, meets FCC analytical specifications
Sigma-Aldrich
L-Pyroglutamic acid 2-naphthylamide, ≥99% (TLC)
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, purification grade, 99.8%
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol, suitable for NMR (reference standard)
Sigma-Aldrich
Pyrene, 98%
Sigma-Aldrich
Acetone, natural, ≥97%
Sigma-Aldrich
Phenanthrene, sublimed grade, ≥99.5%
Sigma-Aldrich
Phenanthrene, 98%
Sigma-Aldrich
Ethylene glycol monophenyl ether, ≥90%
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol solution, (Methanol:Dimethyl sulfoxide 1:1 (v/v))
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol solution, contains 0.50 % (v/v) triethylamine
Sigma-Aldrich
2-Deoxy-D-ribose, ≥99.0% (TLC)
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Hexane, anhydrous, 95%
Sigma-Aldrich
Methanol solution, suitable for NMR (reference standard), 4% in methanol-d4 (99.8 atom % D), NMR tube size 3 mm × 8 in.
Sigma-Aldrich
2-Deoxy-D-ribose, 97% (GC)