II. Preparation for Culturing
- Ensure the Class II biological safety cabinet, with HEPA filtered laminar airflow, is in proper working condition.
- Sterilize biological safety cabinet with 70% alcohol.
- Turn biological safety cabinet blower on for 10 minutes before beginning cell culture work.
- Ensure all serological pipettes, pipette tips and reagent solutions are sterile.
- Follow standard sterilization technique and safety rules:
- Do not pipette by mouth.
- Always wear gloves and safety glasses when working with human cells even though all strains have tested negative for HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C.
- Complete all cell culture work in a sterile hood.
III. Culturing HAOSMC
Preparing Cell Culture Flasks for Culturing HAOSMC
- Take the Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500) from the refrigerator. Decontaminate the bottle with 70% alcohol in a sterile hood.
- Pipette 15 mL* of Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500) to a T-75 flask (SIAL0641).
*Keep the medium to surface area ratio at 1 mL per 5 cm2. For example:
- 5 mL for a T-25 flask (SIAL0639) or a 60 mm tissue culture dish (SIAL0166).
- 15 mL for a T-75 flask (SIAL0641) or a 100 mm tissue culture dish (SIAL0167).
B. Thawing and Plating HAOSMC
- Remove the cryopreserved vial of HAOSMC from the liquid nitrogen storage tank using proper protection for your eyes and hands.
- Turn the vial cap a quarter turn to release any liquid nitrogen that may be trapped in the threads, then re-tighten the cap.
- Thaw the cells quickly by placing the lower half of the vial in a 37°C water bath and watch the vial closely during the thawing process.
- Remove the vial from the water bath when only a small amount of ice is left in the vial. Do not let cells thaw completely.
- Decontaminate the vial exterior with 70% alcohol in a sterile Biological Safety Cabinet.
- Remove the vial cap carefully. Do not touch the rim of the cap or the vial with your hands to avoid contamination.
- Resuspend the cells in the vial by gently pipetting the cells 5 times with a 2 ml pipette. Be careful not to pipette too vigorously as to cause foaming.
- Pipette the cell suspension (1ml) from the vial into the T-75 flask (SIAL0641) containing 15 ml of Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500).
- Cap the flask and rock gently to evenly distribute the cells.
- Place the T-75 flask (SIAL0641) in a 37oC, 5% CO2 humidified incubator. Loosen the cap to allow gas exchange. For best results, do not disturb the culture for 24 hours after inoculation.
- Change to fresh Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500) after 24 hours or overnight to remove all traces of DMSO.
- Change Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500) every other day until the cells reach 60% confluency.
- Double the Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500) volume when the culture is >60% confluent or for weekend feedings.
- Subculture the cells when the HAOSMC culture reaches 80% confluency.
IV. Subculturing HAOSMC
Prepare Subculture Reagents
- Remove the Trypsin-EDTA solution (T3924) and Trypsin Inhibitor (T6414) from the -20 °C freezer and thaw overnight in a refrigerator.
- Make sure all the subculture reagents are thawed. Swirl each bottle gently several times to form homogeneous solutions.
- Store all the subculture reagents at 4 °C for future use.
- Aliquot Trypsin/EDTA solution (T3924) and store the unused portion at -20 °C if only a portion of the Trypsin/EDTA (T3924) is needed.
Prepare Culture Flask
- Take the Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500) from the refrigerator. Decontaminate the bottle with 70% alcohol in a sterile hood.
- Pipette 30 mL of Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500) to a T-175 flask (SIAL1080) (to be used in Section IV C Step 15.)
Subculturing HAOSMC
Trypsinize Cells at Room Temperature. Do Not Warm Any Reagents to 37 °C.
- Remove the medium from culture flasks by aspiration.
- Wash the monolayer of cells with HBSS (H6648) and remove the solution by aspiration.
- Pipette 8 mL of Trypsin/EDTA Solution (T3924) into the T-75 flask (SIAL0641). Rock the flask gently to ensure the solution covers all the cells.
- Remove 7 mL of the solution immediately.
- Re-cap the flask tightly and monitor the trypsinization progress at room temperature under an inverted microscope. It usually takes about 2 to 4 minutes for the cells to become rounded.
- Release the rounded cells from the culture surface by hitting the side of the flask against your palm until most of the cells are detached.
- Pipette 5 mL of Trypsin Inhibitor Solution (T6414) to the flask to inhibit further tryptic activity.
- Transfer the cell suspension from the flask to a 50 ml sterile conical tube.
- Rinse the flask with an additional 5 mL of Trypsin Inhibitor Solution (T6414) and transfer the solution into the same conical tube.
- Examine the T-75 flask (SIAL0641) under a microscope. If there are >20% cells left in the flask, repeat Steps 2-9.
- Centrifuge the conical tube at 220 x g for 5 minutes to pellet the cells.
- Aspirate the supernatant from the tube without disturbing the cell pellet.
- Flick the tip of the conical tube with your finger to loosen the cell pellet.
- Resuspend the cells in 5 mL of Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500) by gently pipetting the cells to break up the clumps.
- Count the cells with a hemocytometer or cell counter. Inoculate at 10,000 cells per cm2 for rapid growth, or at 6,000 cells per cm2 for regular subculturing.
V. Differentiating HAOSMC
Seeding HAOSMC for Differentiation
- Seed HAOSMC in the desired format at 15,000 per cm2 in Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (311-500).
- Place the cells in a 37 oC, 5% CO2 humidified incubator.
- Change to Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation Medium (311D-250) the next day by removing the growth medium from culture tissue ware by aspiration and adding the appropriate volume of Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation Medium (311D-250). Do not allow cells to dry during medium changes.
- Incubate cells in a 37 oC, 5% CO2 humidified incubator.
Differentiating HAOSMC to Express Contractile Protein
- Remove Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation Medium (311D-250) from culture tissue ware by aspiration. Do not allow cells to dry during medium changes.
- Add the appropriate volume of Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation Medium (311D-250).
- Incubate cells in a 37 oC, 5% CO2 humidified incubator in the Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation Medium (311D-250).
- Change to fresh Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation Medium (311D-250) every other day.
- HAOSMC are in growth arrest and smooth muscle a-actin is expressed in 10 days.