Smad proteins are regulators of transcription which transduce signals from TGFβ Receptors. Smad proteins homotrimerize, and when activated, two distinct homotrimers assemble into a heterosextamer. Smad proteins fall into three classes. The receptor-regulated Smad proteins, Smad 1, 2, 3, 5, and 9 couple to specific receptors and are phosphorylated by those receptors. Phosphorylated receptor-regulated Smad proteins then bind to a co-Smad, such as Smad4/DPC4, and the complex moves to the nucleus where it associates with FAST-1 to stimulate target gene transcription. A third class of Smad proteins is the inhibitory group of Smad 6, 7, 8. Smad proteins have Mad-homology domains 1 and 2 (MH1 and MH2). MH1 domains are involved in DNA binding, while MH2 domains function in homotrimerization, receptor interaction and phosphorylation. Smad 4 mutations are frequently found in cancer, all of which cluster to the MH1 and MH2 domains of the protein. Those in the MH2 domain affect the ability of the protein to homotrimerize. The phosphorylation of Smad proteins is the regulatory signal in their activation, and can be monitored by the use of phosphorylation state-specific antibodies.

~50-60 kDa

Epitope: a.a. 186-273

Fusion protein corresponding to amino acids 186-273 of human Smad2.

Research Category
Signaling

Research Sub Category
Transcription Factors

Use Anti-Smad2/3 Antibody, clone C4T (Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody) validated in WB to detect Smad2/3 also known as Deletion target in pancreatic carcinoma 4, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4.

Predicted to cross-react with mouse and rat based on conservation of immunogen sequence.

Recognizes Smad2, Mr 55-60 kDa and Smad3, Mr 50 kDa.

Cultured supernantant containing 0.05% sodium azide.

Stable for 1 year at -20ºC from date of receipt.
Handling Recommendations: Upon receipt, and prior to removing the cap, centrifuge the vial and gently mix the solution. Aliquot into microcentrifuge tubes and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles, which may damage IgG and affect product performance.

Control
RIPA lysates from L6 cells

Evaluated by Western Blot on L6 lysates.
Western Blotting Analysis: A 1:2,000 dilution of this antibody detected Smad2/3 in L6 cell lysate.

Concentration: Please refer to the Certificate of Analysis for the lot-specific concentration.

Replaces: 05-914

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