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319988

Sigma-Aldrich

Chloroform

contains ethanol as stabilizer, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%

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Synonym(s):
Methylidyne trichloride, Trichloromethane
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
CHCl3
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
119.38
Beilstein:
1731042
MDL number:
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.21

grade

ACS reagent

Quality Level

vapor density

4.1 (vs air)

vapor pressure

160 mmHg ( 20 °C)

Assay

≥99.8%

form

liquid

contains

ethanol as stabilizer

impurities

Acetone and aldehyde, passes test
Acid and chloride, passes test
Free chlorine (Cl), passes test
H2SO4, passes test

evapn. residue

≤0.001%

color

APHA: ≤10

refractive index

n20/D 1.445 (lit.)

bp

60.5-61.5 °C (lit.)

mp

−63 °C (lit.)

density

1.48 g/mL at 25 °C
1.492 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

cation traces

Pb: ≤0.05 ppm

storage temp.

room temp

SMILES string

ClC(Cl)Cl

InChI

1S/CHCl3/c2-1(3)4/h1H

InChI key

HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Chloroform, a halogenated hydrocarbon, is widely used as a solvent and extractant in various manufacturing and laboratory procedures. It can be produced by the chlorination of methane or lower-chlorinated methanes. Additionally, it is employed in the production of dichlorocarbenes, α-trichloromethyl carbinols, and trichlorolithiocarbenoids.

Application

Chloroform can be used as a solvent in the:
  • Enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of ω-pentadecalactone to prepare polyesters.
  • Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of acid chlorides with arylboronic acids to synthesize diaryl Ketones.
  • Enantio- and diastereoselective nitro-Mannich reaction of α-aryl nitromethanes with amido sulfones to synthesize β-nitroamines.
  • Diels-Alder reaction to synthesize spiro-fused dihydropyans. The hydrogen bond (CH-O) formed between chloroform and carbonyl oxygen makes the carbonyl group a stronger heterodienophile, resulting in an increased reaction rate.

Pictograms

Skull and crossbonesHealth hazard

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Carc. 2 - Eye Irrit. 2 - Repr. 2 - Skin Irrit. 2 - STOT RE 1 Oral - STOT SE 3

Target Organs

Central nervous system

Storage Class Code

6.1D - Non-combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

does not flash

Flash Point(C)

does not flash

Regulatory Information

危险化学品
易制毒化学品(2类)

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High activity and regenerability of a palladium-gold catalyst for chloroform degradation.
Velazquez JC, et al.
Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology (2015)
Fabian V Filipp et al.
Pigment cell & melanoma research, 25(3), 375-383 (2012-03-01)
The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is the central hub of oxidative metabolism, running in the classic forward direction to provide carbon for biosynthesis and reducing agents for generation of ATP. Our metabolic tracer studies in melanoma cells showed that in
Xuejun Liu et al.
Nature protocols, 2(5), 1288-1296 (2007-06-05)
A nearly quantitative 18-component synthesis of a nanocontainer, which is built up from six bowl-shaped cavitands that are connected together with 12 -CH=N-CH2CH2-N=CH- linkers, and its subsequent reduction are described. This nanocontainer has an estimated cavity volume of 1,700 A3
Yongjun Liu et al.
Journal of hazardous materials, 308, 84-90 (2016-01-26)
In this study, efficient dechlorination and decomposition of chloroform (CF) induced by glow discharge plasma (GDP) in contact with a sodium sulfate solution was investigated. Intermediate byproducts were determined by ionic chromatography and headspace gas chromatography, respectively. Results showed that
Photolysis of chloroform and other organic molecules in aqueous titanium dioxide suspensions.
Kormann C, et al.
Environmental Science & Technology, 25(3), 494-500 (1991)

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