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43817

Sigma-Aldrich

DL-Dithiothreitol

BioUltra, ≥99.0% (RT)

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Synonym(s):
threo-1,4-Dimercapto-2,3-butanediol, Cleland’s reagent, DTT
Linear Formula:
HSCH2CH(OH)CH(OH)CH2SH
CAS Number:
3483-12-3
Molecular Weight:
154.25
Beilstein:
1719757
EC Number:
222-468-7
MDL number:
MFCD00004877
PubChem Substance ID:
57650197

product line

BioUltra

Assay

≥99.0% (RT)

form

solid

impurities

insoluble matter, passes filter test
≤0.3% 4,5-dihydroxy-1,2-dithiane

pH

4.0-6.5 (25 °C, 0.1 M in H2O)

mp

41-44 °C (lit.)

solubility

H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless

anion traces

sulfate (SO42-): ≤50 mg/kg

cation traces

Al: ≤5 mg/kg
As: ≤0.5 mg/kg
Ba: ≤5 mg/kg
Bi: ≤5 mg/kg
Ca: ≤10 mg/kg
Cd: ≤5 mg/kg
Co: ≤5 mg/kg
Cr: ≤5 mg/kg
Cu: ≤5 mg/kg
Fe: ≤5 mg/kg
K: ≤50 mg/kg
Li: ≤5 mg/kg
Mg: ≤5 mg/kg
Mn: ≤5 mg/kg
Mo: ≤5 mg/kg
Na: ≤100 mg/kg
Ni: ≤5 mg/kg
Pb: ≤5 mg/kg
Sr: ≤5 mg/kg
Zn: ≤5 mg/kg

λ

0.1 M in H2O

UV absorption

λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.400
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.100

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

O[C@H](CS)[C@H](O)CS

InChI

1S/C4H10O2S2/c5-3(1-7)4(6)2-8/h3-8H,1-2H2/t3-,4-/m1/s1

InChI key

VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N

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Application

An excellent reagent for maintaining SH groups in reduced state; quantitatively reduces disulfides. DTT is effective in sample buffers for reducing protein disulfide bonds prior to SDS-PAGE. DTT can also be used for reducing the disulfide bridge of the cross-linker N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine to break apart the matrix of a polyacrylamide gel. DTT is less pungent and is less toxic than 2-mercaptoethanol. Typically, a seven fold lower concentration of DTT (100 mM) is needed than is used for 2-mercaptoethanol (5% v/v, 700 mM).

Other Notes

Cleavage of disulfide bonds in proteins; In the investigation of incremental and kinetic reduction in proteins; Prevents the oxidation of cholecystokinin during its extraction from brain and duodenal tissues; In protein sequence analysis.

Regulatory Information

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D W Sears et al.
Biochemistry, 16(9), 2031-2035 (1977-05-03)
The reduction by dithiothreitol (DTT) of the four interchain disulfides of a human IgGlkappa immunoglobulin has been studied by two methods: variation of the concentration of DTT relative to the protein concentration (incremental reduction); and variation of the time of
A.Bacarese-Hamilton et al.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 448, 571-571 (1985)
J R Jabusch et al.
Analytical biochemistry, 91(2), 532-542 (1978-12-01)
The thiazolinone and phenylthiohydantoin derivatives of most amino acids can be hydrolyzed with alkaline dithionite to generate the free amino acid. The acidification of this hydrolysate with 3 N HCl containing thiodiglycol leads in the case of glutamic acid, glutamine
Reductive cleavage of cystine disulfides with tributylphosphine.
U T Rüegg et al.
Methods in enzymology, 47, 111-116 (1977-01-01)
Marija Smokvarska et al.
Current biology : CB, 30(23), 4654-4664 (2020-10-10)
In the course of their growth and development, plants have to constantly perceive and react to their environment. This is achieved in cells by the coordination of complex combinatorial signaling networks. However, how signal integration and specificity are achieved in
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