Dulbecco′s Modified Eagle′s Medium (DMEM) is a modification of Basal Medium Eagle (BME) that contains four-fold concentrations of the amino acids and vitamins. The original formulation contained 1000 mg/L of glucose and was used to culture embryonic mouse cells. Since then, it has been modified in several ways to support primary cultures of mouse and chicken cells, as well as a variety of normal and transformed cells. Each of these media offers a different combination of L-glutamine and sodium pyruvate. Additionally, the glucose levels have been raised to 4500 mg/L, contributing to the name "DMEM/High".