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CN

G5773

Sigma-Aldrich

Galanin porcine

≥97% (HPLC), powder

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C146H213N43O40
CAS Number:
88813-36-9
Molecular Weight:
3210.52
MDL number:
MFCD00133353
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
PubChem Substance ID:
24895230

Key Documents

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Assay

≥97% (HPLC)

form

powder

UniProt accession no.

P07480

storage temp.

−20°C

SMILES string

CCC(C)C(NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(Cc1cnc[nH]1)NC(=O)C2CCCN2C(=O)CNC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(Cc3ccc(O)cc3)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(Cc4c[nH]c5ccccc45)NC(=O)CN)C(C)O)C(=O)NC(CC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(Cc6cnc[nH]6)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NC(CO)C(=O)NC(Cc7ccccc7)C(=O)NC(Cc8cnc[nH]8)C(=O)NC(CC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(Cc9ccc(O)cc9)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C)C(N)=O

InChI

1S/C146H213N43O40/c1-15-75(10)119(187-123(207)78(13)167-129(213)101(51-84-60-154-68-162-84)182-143(227)110-31-24-42-189(110)116(200)65-161-124(208)93(43-71(2)3)173-130(214)95(45-73(6)7)174-132(216)98(49-82-34-38-88(194)39-35-82)170-114(198)63-159-122(206)77(12)166-141(225)108(66-190)186-137(221)105(55-112(150)196)179-131(215)96(46-74(8)9)183-145(229)120(79(14)192)188-140(224)100(168-113(197)58-148)50-83-59-158-90-28-20-19-27-89(83)90)144(228)184-107(57-118(203)204)139(223)180-104(54-111(149)195)136(220)178-102(52-85-61-155-69-163-85)134(218)172-92(30-23-41-157-146(152)153)127(211)185-109(67-191)142(226)176-99(47-80-25-17-16-18-26-80)133(217)177-103(53-86-62-156-70-164-86)135(219)181-106(56-117(201)202)138(222)171-91(29-21-22-40-147)126(210)175-97(48-81-32-36-87(193)37-33-81)125(209)160-64-115(199)169-94(44-72(4)5)128(212)165-76(11)121(151)205/h16-20,25-28,32-39,59-62,68-79,91-110,119-120,158,190-194H,15,21-24,29-31,40-58,63-67,147-148H2,1-14H3,(H2,149,195)(H2,150,196)(H2,151,205)(H,154,162)(H,155,163)(H,156,164)(H,159,206)(H,160,209)(H,161,208)(H,165,212)(H,166,225)(H,167,213)(H,168,197)(H,169,199)(H,170,198)(H,171,222)(H,172,218)(H,173,214)(H,174,216)(H,175,210)(H,176,226)(H,177,217)(H,178,220)(H,179,215)(H,180,223)(H,181,219)(H,182,227)(H,183,229)(H,184,228)(H,185,211)(H,186,221)(H,187,207)(H,188,224)(H,201,202)(H,203,204)(H4,152,153,157)

InChI key

SLZIZIJTGAYEKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Gene Information

pig ... GAL(397465)

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Amino Acid Sequence

Gly-Trp-Thr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ala-Gly-Tyr-Leu-Leu-Gly-Pro-His-Ala-Ile-Asp-Asn-His-Arg-Ser-Phe-His-Asp-Lys-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Ala-NH2

General description

Galanin is a biologically active peptide found in porcine intestine, and is called so because of the presence of glycine and alanine at N- and C-terminals, respectively. Its C-terminal contains alanine amide. It is composed of 29 amino acids namely, Gly-Trp-Thr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ala-Gly-Tyr-Leu-Leu-Gly-Pro-His-Ala-Ile-Asp-Asn-His-Arg-Ser-Phe-His-Asp-Lys-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Ala-NH2. This peptide shows wide expression in peripheral and central nervous system. In brain, its predominant expression is in hypothalamus, especially in the nerve terminals of the median eminence.

Application

Galanin porcine has been used for the pre-absorption of anti-Gal serum, as control, to determine the specificity of immunoreaction during immunocytochemistry on brains obtained from river lampreys (Lampetra fluviatilis L.).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Studies show that galanin is capable of producing sustained but mild hyperglycemia in dogs. It also induces contraction in smooth muscle preparations obtained from fundus strip, ileum, colon and urinary bladder from rats. It shows structural similarities at the C-terminal to other neuropeptides, and thus, might also function as a neuropeptide. This peptide is a candidate hypothalamic-hypophysiotropic hormone, and is thought to affect the release of various pituitary hormones, such as growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and luteinizing hormone (LH).
Co-localized with acetylcholine and inhibits its release; inhibits the release of glutamic acid, decreases excitability of spinal neurons; blocks voltage-activated Ca2+ channels; linked to behavioral and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer′s disease.

Other Notes

Lyophilized from 0.1% TFA in H2O

Storage Class Code

11 - Combustible Solids

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Regulatory Information

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number
078K4818
116K4813
036K4758
036K4759
125H49521

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Shimako Yoshitake et al.
Neuroscience letters, 534, 58-63 (2013-01-09)
The neuropeptide galanin is co-localized with histamine in subpopulations of neurons in the tuberomammillary nucleus suggesting its involvement in modulating histaminergic neurotransmission. The purpose of the present study was to investigate, by use of microdialysis, the effects of local intraparenchymal
A J Jiménez et al.
The Journal of comparative neurology, 368(2), 185-197 (1996-04-29)
Galanin is a brain-gut peptide present in the central nervous system of vertebrates and invertebrates. The distribution of galanin-like immunoreactive perikarya and fibers in the brain of the river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis (Agnatha) has been studied immunocytochemically by using antisera
Penghua Fang et al.
Life sciences, 92(11), 628-632 (2013-02-05)
The diabetic heart is characterized by its impaired ability to utilize glucose. Therapeutic interventions focusing on reducing insulin resistance and enhancing glucose uptake may improve prevention and treatment of the diabetic heart. Recent studies provided some compelling clues that neuropeptide
Liuyin Zhang et al.
Molecular pharmaceutics, 10(2), 574-585 (2012-12-25)
Delivery of neuropeptides into the central and/or peripheral nervous systems supports development of novel neurotherapeutics for the treatment of pain, epilepsy and other neurological diseases. Our previous work showed that the combination of lipidization and cationization applied to anticonvulsant neuropeptides
Masoumeh Motamedi Joibari et al.
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 21(1), 130-134 (2013-03-19)
Ghrelin, orexin, and galanin are orexigenic factors in rodents and humans which participate in adaptive response to weight loss. On the other hand, weight loss and fasting is accompanied by increased levels of epinephrine (Ep) and cortisol (Cor). In this
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