T8019
Tentoxin from Alternaria tenuis
Naturally occurring phytotoxic cyclic tetrapeptide
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About This Item
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C22H30N4O4
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
414.50
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
PubChem Substance ID:
NACRES:
NA.56
biological source
fungus (Alternaria tenuis)
Quality Level
Assay
≥95% (HPLC)
storage temp.
2-8°C
SMILES string
CC(C)CC1NC(=O)C(C)N(C)C(=O)CNC(=O)\C(=C/c2ccccc2)N(C)C1=O
InChI
1S/C22H30N4O4/c1-14(2)11-17-22(30)26(5)18(12-16-9-7-6-8-10-16)21(29)23-13-19(27)25(4)15(3)20(28)24-17/h6-10,12,14-15,17H,11,13H2,1-5H3,(H,23,29)(H,24,28)/b18-12-/t15-,17-/m0/s1
InChI key
SIIRBDOFKDACOK-LFXZBHHUSA-N
General description
Tentoxin is a majorly occurring cyclic tetrapeptide mycotoxin that is excreted by the Alternaria fungal species like Alternaria alternata and Alternaria tenuis.
Biochem/physiol Actions
It induces chlorosis in germinating seedlings of many dicotyledonous plants. Tentoxin has been postulated to inhibit cyclic photophosphorylation by acting as an energy transfer inhibitor at the terminal steps of ATP synthesis and to target the F1 moiety of photosynthetic H+-ATPases. A kinetic analysis of the action of tentoxin on the chloroplast F1 H+-ATPase (CF1) portion of chloroplast ATP synthase has been reported.
Tentoxin is phytotoxic, which induces chlorosis in plant leaves and germinating seedlings. It also halts photophosphorylation by inhibiting chloroplastic ATP synthase. Tentoxin over energizes thylakoids and is converted to isotentoxin by UV irradiation.
Storage Class Code
11 - Combustible Solids
WGK
WGK 3
Flash Point(F)
Not applicable
Flash Point(C)
Not applicable
Personal Protective Equipment
dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves
Regulatory Information
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C Sigalat et al.
FEBS letters, 368(2), 253-256 (1995-07-17)
The effect of tentoxin at high concentrations was investigated in thylakoids and proteoliposomes containing bacteriorhodopsin and CF0CF1. Venturicidin-sensitive ATP hydrolysis, ATP-generated delta pH and ATP synthesis were practically 100% inhibited at 2 microM tentoxin, and restored to various extents beyond
Inhibition of photophosphorylation by tentoxin, a cyclic tetrapeptide.
C J Arntzen
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 283(3), 539-542 (1972-12-14)
Georg Groth et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 277(23), 20117-20119 (2002-04-12)
In contrast to the homologous bacterial and mitochondrial enzymes the chloroplast F(1)-ATPase (CF(1)) is strongly affected by the phytopathogenic inhibitor tentoxin. Based on structural information obtained from crystals of a CF(1)-tentoxin co-complex (Groth, G. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.
Nicolas Loiseau et al.
Biopolymers, 69(3), 363-385 (2003-07-02)
Biologically active cyclic tetrapeptides, usually found among fungi metabolites, exhibit phytotoxic or cytostatic activities that are likely to be governed by specific conformations adopted in solution. For conformational studies and drug design, there is a strong interest in using fast
Lionel Perrin et al.
The FEBS journal, 278(12), 2167-2178 (2011-04-27)
We report unambiguous proof of the stability of a carbinol intermediate in the case of P450 metabolism of an N-methylated natural cyclo-peptide, namely tentoxin. Under mild acidic or neutral conditions, the lifetime of carbinol-amide is long enough to be fully
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