49139

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Plasma pharmacokinetics of the indenoisoquinoline topoisomerase I inhibitor, NSC 743400, in rats and dogs.

Miguel Muzzio et al.

Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology, 75(5), 1015-1023 (2015-03-18)

NSC 743400 is a novel synthetic indenoisoquinoline analog under development as an anticancer agent. It is a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor with potential therapeutic advantages over FDA-approved camptothecin derivatives. In preparation for clinical development of NSC 743400, we determined the

Anthocyanins in purple and blue wheat grains and in resulting bread: quantity, composition, and thermal stability.

Pavel Bartl et al.

International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 66(5), 514-519 (2015-06-20)

The anthocyanin composition of blue (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Skorpion) and purple wheat (Triticum aethiopicum JAKUBZ cv. Abyssinskaja arrasajta cv. Abyssinskaja arrasajta), cultivated in the Czech Republic, and of the prepared whole blue and purple wheat bread was determined. In

Comparative transcriptomic approach to investigate differences in wine yeast physiology and metabolism during fermentation.

Debra Rossouw et al.

Applied and environmental microbiology, 75(20), 6600-6612 (2009-08-25)

Commercial wine yeast strains of the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been selected to satisfy many different, and sometimes highly specific, oenological requirements. As a consequence, more than 200 different strains with significantly diverging phenotypic traits are produced globally. This genetic

Enhanced skeletal muscle for effective glucose homeostasis.

Jinzeng Yang

Progress in molecular biology and translational science, 121, 133-163 (2014-01-01)

As the single largest organ in the body, the skeletal muscle is the major site of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the postprandial state. Skeletal muscles provide the physiological foundation for physical activities and fitness. Reduced muscle mass and strength is

Genetic and phenotypic characterization of Candida albicans strains isolated from infectious disease patients in Shanghai.

Lvyin Hu et al.

Journal of medical microbiology, 64(Pt 1), 74-83 (2014-10-30)

Candida albicans, as an opportunistic pathogen, can cause superficial and life-threatening candidiasis in immunocompromised individuals. The formation of surface-associated biofilms and the appearance of drug resistance pose a significant challenge for clinical intervention. In this study, a total of 104

Studies on the Formation of Maillard and Caramelization Products from Glucosamine Incubated at 37 °C.

Yuliya Hrynets et al.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 63(27), 6249-6261 (2015-06-27)

This experiment compared the in vitro degradation of glucosamine (GlcN), N-acetylglucosamine, and glucose in the presence of NH3 incubated at 37 °C in phosphate buffer from 0.5 to 12 days. The reactions were monitored with UV-vis absorption and fluorescence emission

Regulation of glucose and insulin release following acute and repeated treatment with the synthetic galanin analog NAX-5055.

Sean P Flynn et al.

Neuropeptides, 50, 35-42 (2015-02-19)

The neuropeptide galanin is widely expressed in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. However there is limited understanding of how individual galanin receptor (GalR1, 2, and 3) subtypes mediate the physiological activity of galanin in vivo. To address this

Isolation and cultivation of canine uveal melanocytes.

Ethan M Dawson-Baglien et al.

Veterinary ophthalmology, 18(4), 285-290 (2014-09-02)

To establish a method for isolation and culture of canine uveal melanocytes. Uveal explants from five mixed-breed dogs. Donor globes were dissected, and the anterior uvea removed. The uveal explants were placed in trypsin solution for enzymatic digestion. Extracted cells

Flexible subunit stoichiometry of functional human P2X2/3 heteromeric receptors.

Maria Kowalski et al.

Neuropharmacology, 99, 115-130 (2015-07-18)

The aim of the present work was to clarify whether heterotrimeric P2X2/3 receptors have a fixed subunit stoichiometry consisting of one P2X2 and two P2X3 subunits as previously suggested, or a flexible stoichiometry containing also the inverse subunit composition. For

Uncoupling AMPK from autophagy: a foe that hinders the beneficial effects of metformin treatment on metabolic syndrome-associated atherosclerosis? Focus on "glucose and palmitate uncouple AMPK from autophagy in human aortic endothelial cells".

Wen-Xing Ding

American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 308(3), C246-C248 (2014-12-17)

Intestine-targeted DGAT1 inhibition improves obesity and insulin resistance without skin aberrations in mice.

Naoto Tsuda et al.

PloS one, 9(11), e112027-e112027 (2014-11-19)

Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) catalyzes the final committed step in triglyceride biosynthesis. DGAT1 null mice are known to be resistant to diet-induced obesity, and more insulin sensitive relative to the wild-type; however, the mice exhibit abnormalities in the skin. This

Structural bisphenol analogues differentially target steroidogenesis in murine MA-10 Leydig cells as well as the glucocorticoid receptor.

Maarke J E Roelofs et al.

Toxicology, 329, 10-20 (2015-01-13)

Although much information on the endocrine activity of bisphenol A (BPA) is available, a proper human hazard assessment of analogues that are believed to have a less harmful toxicity profile is lacking. Here the possible effects of BPA, bisphenol F

Microbial inoculants for the biocontrol of Fusarium spp. in durum wheat.

Loredana Baffoni et al.

BMC microbiology, 15, 242-242 (2015-11-01)

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a severe disease caused by different Fusarium species, which affects a wide range of cereal crops, including wheat. It determines from 10 to 30% of yield loss in Europe. Chemical fungicides are mainly used to

Oral treatment with γ-aminobutyric acid improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity by inhibiting inflammation in high fat diet-fed mice.

Jide Tian et al.

PloS one, 6(9), e25338-e25338 (2011-10-04)

Adipocyte and β-cell dysfunction and macrophage-related chronic inflammation are critical for the development of obesity-related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which can be negatively regulated by Tregs. Our previous studies and those of others have shown that

Sodium-glucose transporter-2 (SGLT2; SLC5A2) enhances cellular uptake of aminoglycosides.

Meiyan Jiang et al.

PloS one, 9(9), e108941-e108941 (2014-10-01)

Aminoglycoside antibiotics, like gentamicin, continue to be clinically essential worldwide to treat life-threatening bacterial infections. Yet, the ototoxic and nephrotoxic side-effects of these drugs remain serious complications. A major site of gentamicin uptake and toxicity resides within kidney proximal tubules

"Cryptic" group-I introns in the nuclear SSU-rRNA gene of Verticillium dahliae.

Ioannis A Papaioannou et al.

Current genetics, 60(3), 135-148 (2013-11-22)

Group-I introns are widespread--though irregularly distributed--in eukaryotic organisms, and they have been extensively used for discrimination and phylogenetic analyses. Within the Verticillium genus, which comprises important phytopathogenic fungi, a group-I intron was previously identified in the SSU-rRNA (18S) gene of

Planteose as a storage carbohydrate required for early stage of germination of Orobanche minor and its metabolism as a possible target for selective control.

Takatoshi Wakabayashi et al.

Journal of experimental botany, 66(11), 3085-3097 (2015-03-31)

Root parasitic weeds in Orobanchaceae cause serious damage to worldwide agriculture. Germination of the parasites requires host-derived germination stimulants, such as strigolactones, as indicators of host roots within reach of the parasite's radicles. This unique germination process was focused on

Phagocytosis-dependent activation of a TLR9-BTK-calcineurin-NFAT pathway co-ordinates innate immunity to Aspergillus fumigatus.

Susanne Herbst et al.

EMBO molecular medicine, 7(3), 240-258 (2015-02-01)

Transplant recipients on calcineurin inhibitors are at high risk of invasive fungal infection. Understanding how calcineurin inhibitors impair fungal immunity is a key priority for defining risk of infection. Here, we show that the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus impairs clearance of

Amplification of human platelet activation by surface pannexin-1 channels.

K A Taylor et al.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH, 12(6), 987-998 (2014-03-25)

Pannexin-1 (Panx1) forms an anion-selective channel with a permeability up to ~1 kDa and represents a non-lytic, non-vesicular ATP release pathway in erythrocytes, leukocytes and neurons. Related connexin gap junction proteins have been reported in platelets; however, the expression and

STAT1 signaling is essential for protection against Cryptococcus neoformans infection in mice.

Chrissy M Leopold Wager et al.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 193(8), 4060-4071 (2014-09-10)

Nonprotective immune responses to highly virulent Cryptococcus neoformans strains, such as H99, are associated with Th2-type cytokine production, alternatively activated macrophages, and inability of the host to clear the fungus. In contrast, experimental studies show that protective immune responses against

Correlation of the incretin effect with first- and second-phase insulin secretions in Koreans with various glucose tolerance statuses.

Tae Jung Oh et al.

Clinical endocrinology, 83(1), 59-66 (2014-10-01)

To examine the relationship between beta-cell function and the incretin effect. We performed a 180-min hyperglycaemic clamp study with oral glucose administration at 60 min in Korean subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 9), impaired fasting glucose (IFG

Menaquinone-7 supplementation improves arterial stiffness in healthy postmenopausal women. A double-blind randomised clinical trial.

Marjo H J Knapen et al.

Thrombosis and haemostasis, 113(5), 1135-1144 (2015-02-20)

Observational data suggest a link between menaquinone (MK, vitamin K2) intake and cardiovascular (CV) health. However, MK intervention trials with vascular endpoints are lacking. We investigated long-term effects of MK-7 (180 µg MenaQ7/day) supplementation on arterial stiffness in a double-blind

Therapeutic window for cyclooxygenase-2 related anti-inflammatory therapy after status epilepticus.

Jianxiong Jiang et al.

Neurobiology of disease, 76, 126-136 (2015-01-21)

As a prominent inflammatory effector of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) mediates brain inflammation and injury in many chronic central nervous system (CNS) conditions including seizures and epilepsy, largely through its receptor subtype EP2. However, EP2 receptor activation might also

[Methylglyoxal--test for biological dysfunctions of homeostasis and endoecology, low cytosolic glucose level, and gluconeogenesis from fatty acids].

V N Titov et al.

Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 82(10), 71-77 (2011-02-24)

If a lot of carbohydrates cannot be in vivo stored as glycogen, the synthesis of palmitic fatty acid (FA) from glucose and its adipocyte deposition as triglycerides are under way in phylogenesis. With impaired biological function of exotrophy (fasting, early

Diverging biological roles among human monocyte subsets in the context of tuberculosis infection.

Luciana Balboa et al.

Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 129(4), 319-330 (2015-04-11)

Circulating monocytes (Mo) play an essential role in the host immune response to chronic infections. We previously demonstrated that CD16(pos) Mo were expanded in TB (tuberculosis) patients, correlated with disease severity and were refractory to dendritic cell differentiation. In the

A sensitive and reproducible in vivo imaging mouse model for evaluation of drugs against late-stage human African trypanosomiasis.

Hollie Burrell-Saward et al.

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 70(2), 510-517 (2014-10-10)

To optimize the Trypanosoma brucei brucei GVR35 VSL-2 bioluminescent strain as an innovative drug evaluation model for late-stage human African trypanosomiasis. An IVIS® Lumina II imaging system was used to detect bioluminescent T. b. brucei GVR35 parasites in mice to

Chronic stress of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss at high altitude: a field study.

I Hunt von Herbing et al.

Journal of fish biology, 87(1), 138-158 (2015-07-08)

The stress response of Oncorhynchus mykiss in high-altitude farms in central Mexico was investigated over two seasons: the cool (9·1-13·7° C) dry winter season, and the warmer (14·7-15·9° C), wetter summer season. Fish were subjected to an acute stress test

NAD+ treatment can prevent rotenone-induced increases in DNA damage, Bax levels and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor in differentiated PC12 cells.

Yunyi Hong et al.

Neurochemical research, 40(4), 837-842 (2015-03-31)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) plays critical roles in energy metabolism, mitochondrial functions, calcium homeostasis and immunological functions. Our previous studies have found that NAD(+) administration can profoundly decrease ischemic brain injury and traumatic brain injury. Our recent study has also

Establishment of a proteome profile and identification of molecular markers for mouse spermatogonial stem cells.

Quan Zhou et al.

Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 19(3), 521-534 (2014-10-30)

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are undifferentiated cells that are required to maintain spermatogenesis throughout the reproductive life of mammals. Although SSC transplantation and culture provide a powerful tool to identify the mechanisms regulating SSC function, the precise signalling mechanisms governing

A new phenolic glycoside from Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora twigs.

Sung Wan Jang et al.

Archives of pharmacal research, 38(11), 1943-1951 (2015-05-01)

The phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract from the twigs of Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora (Rosaceae) using column chromatography led to the isolation of a new phenol glycoside, 1-O-(E)-caffeoyl-2-O-p-(E)-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranose (1), together with 16 known phenolic compounds (2-17). The structure of

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