left: PVA 3-82 and PVA 3-82/plasticizer systems;
right: PVA 4-88 and PVA 4-88/plasticizer systems, mean of n=3.
Figure 2.
Phase angle δ against temperature left: PVA 3-82 and PVA 3-82/plasticizer systems
torque is lower for 3-82 then for
4-88. Several conducted HME trials both with 3-82 and 4-88
proved that the process range of 3-82 is feasible at 130–210 °C*
and 150–230 °C* for 4-88, which correlates to
hydrolysis grade of 82 %, while Parteck® MXP 4 - 88 shows a
viscosity of 4 mPa • s and a hydrolysis grade of 88%.
Hydrophilic group
Hydrophobic group
With a
dried dispersion using PVA 3-82 shows a tenfold increase
in release at the final timepoint followed by PVA 4-88.
The maximum peak of drug release from the ASD using
PVA 3-82 is reached after 15 minutes
physiologically relevant timescales,
even for the most challenging DCS Class IIb APIs.
Parteck® MXP 4-88 PVA contains 88% hydroxyl
groups and 12% acetate groups. This higher hydrolysis
grade makes it more hydrophilic
detects all
isoforms of human calpain 94, including the LP82, 85,
88, and 90 forms. The antibody also detects isoforms
82, 85, 88, and 90 of rat calpain 94. The antibody
recognizes latent and active
variants of calpain 94 include
replacement of domain I with an aminoterminal end
unique to the LP 82, 85, 88, and 90 isoforms.2 The lens
contains isoforms LP82 and LP85. The latent large
subunit is 94 kDa
(1990).
4. Weidner, K., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88,
7001 (1991).
5. Fukuyama, R., et al., Genomics, 11, 410 (1991).
6. Rubin, J., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88, 415
(1991
D., Crit. Rev. Oncog. 4,
595-613 (1993).
2. Rosnet, O., et al., D., Blood, 82, 1110-1119 (1993).
3. Small, D., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91,
459-463 (1994).
4. Rosnet, O., et al., Oncogene
hydrophilic
Natural origin
Synthetic
Polyvinyl alcohol
PVA
PVA
PVA
PVA 4-88 / 3-82
Stable high drug loadsPVA
Various options to modify release profilePVA
Strategies and
against several fungi and
yeasts, but not against bacteria. Concanamycins A, B,
and C caused 99%, 82%, and 88% inhibition,
respectively, of the incorporation of tritiated thymidine
into cells when used at
not crossreact with other
calpain family members (µ-calpain, m-calpain, LP-82/85
calpain, nCL-2, nCL-3, etc.). The rat 88 kDa and 90
kDa calpains share the insert #1, and the antibody may
cross-react
does not crossreact with other
calpain family members (µ-calpain, m-calpain, LP-82/85
calpain, nCL-2, nCL-3, etc). The rat 88 kDa and 90 kDa
forms of calpain-3 share the insert 1 and the antibody
may crossreact
not crossreact with other calpain family members
(µ-calpain, M-calpain, LP-82/85 calpain, nCL-2, nCL-3,
etc.). The rat 88 kDa and 90 kDa calpains share the
insert 1 and the antibody may crossreact with