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C I Chappel
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 15(3), 253-270 (1992-06-01)
Dietary sodium saccharin is associated with bladder tumors when fed at high levels to the male rat. Under these conditions urinary pH, sodium concentration, and volume are elevated and proliferative changes are present in the urothelium. Extensive epidemiological studies have
D L Arnold
Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology, 4(5), 674-685 (1984-10-01)
Saccharin, like most of the artificial sweeteners, was discovered quite by accident. The controversy regarding its use as a food additive is reflected by the number of chronic/carcinogenic studies conducted to assess its safety. Two chronic studies were conducted prior
James P Kesby et al.
Addiction biology, 19(4), 593-605 (2012-12-21)
Methamphetamine abuse and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection induce neuropathological changes in corticolimbic brain areas involved in reward and cognitive function. Little is known about the combined effects of methamphetamine and HIV infection on cognitive and reward processes. The HIV/gp120
Heather B Madsen et al.
Addiction biology, 20(3), 433-444 (2014-03-08)
Despite the unique ability of addictive drugs to directly activate brain reward circuits, recent evidence suggests that drugs induce reinforcing and incentive effects that are comparable to, or even lower than some nondrug rewards. In particular, when rats have a
Jotham Suez et al.
Nature, 514(7521), 181-186 (2014-09-19)
Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are among the most widely used food additives worldwide, regularly consumed by lean and obese individuals alike. NAS consumption is considered safe and beneficial owing to their low caloric content, yet supporting scientific data remain sparse
The toxicological effects of saccharin in short-term genotoxicity assays.
D L Arnold et al.
Mutation research, 221(2), 69-132 (1989-09-01)
Haim Einat
Pharmacological reports : PR, 66(4), 722-725 (2014-06-21)
The inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) was recently suggested as a novel approach for the development of mood stabilizing drugs. To further evaluate this possibility, the aim of the present study was to test the effects of peripheral (intraperitoneal)
Amy E B Packard et al.
Psychoneuroendocrinology, 47, 178-188 (2014-07-09)
The incidence of type-2 diabetes (T2D) and the burden it places on individuals, as well as society as a whole, compels research into the causes, factors and progression of this disease. Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic stress exposure may contribute
Jean-Christophe Delpech et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 35(7), 3022-3033 (2015-02-24)
The cerebral innate immune system is able to modulate brain functioning and cognitive processes. During activation of the cerebral innate immune system, inflammatory factors produced by microglia, such as cytokines and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), have been directly linked to modulation
J Whysner et al.
Pharmacology & therapeutics, 71(1-2), 225-252 (1996-01-01)
Sodium saccharin (NaSac) produces bladder tumors consistently in male rats only after lifetime exposure that begins at birth. NaSac is not metabolized and is negative in most genotoxicity tests. NaSac-induced cell damage and proliferation have been proposed as important factors
J Ashby
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 23(4-5), 507-519 (1985-04-01)
The literature indicates that sodium saccharin is non-reactive to DNA and inactive as a gene mutagen in vitro. At elevated dose levels it is capable of producing structural disturbances in eukaryotic chromosomes in vitro, and it shows intermittent activity as
Saccharin-induced bladder cancer in rats.
E M Garland et al.
Progress in clinical and biological research, 391, 237-243 (1995-01-01)
V Echeverry-Alzate et al.
British journal of pharmacology, 171(12), 3023-3036 (2014-02-18)
Recent and ongoing clinical studies have indicated that topiramate (Topamax®) could be effective in treating ethanol or cocaine abuse. However, the effects of topiramate on the co-administration of ethanol and cocaine remain largely unknown. We studied the effects of topiramate
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