Tingting Zhao et al.
Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials, 100(3), 646-659 (2011-11-29)
Hafnium ion implantation was applied to NiTi alloy to suppress Ni ion release and enhance osteoblast-material interactions and hemocompatibility. The auger electron spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscope results showed that a composite TiO(2)/HfO(2) nanofilm with increased surface