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Borna Ghosh et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 288(24), 17420-17431 (2013-05-04)
General anesthetics exert many of their CNS actions by binding to and modulating membrane-embedded pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs). The structural mechanisms underlying how anesthetics modulate pLGIC function remain largely unknown. GLIC, a prokaryotic pLGIC homologue, is inhibited by general
Biochemistry: Oxidation controls the DUB step.
Michael J Clague
Nature, 497(7447), 49-50 (2013-05-03)
Laurine Legroux et al.
Journal of neuroscience methods, 247, 23-31 (2015-03-31)
Flow cytometry is an efficient and powerful technique to characterize and quantify numerous cells. However, the strengths of this technique have not been widely harnessed in neurosciences due to the critical step of CNS tissue preparation into a single cell
Gerdt Müller et al.
Biotechnology for biofuels, 8, 187-187 (2015-11-27)
The emerging bioeconomy depends on improved methods for processing of lignocellulosic biomass to fuels and chemicals. Saccharification of lignocellulose to fermentable sugars is a key step in this regard where enzymatic catalysis plays an important role and is a major
Edward T Chouchani et al.
Nature medicine, 19(6), 753-759 (2013-05-28)
Oxidative damage from elevated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to ischemia-reperfusion injury in myocardial infarction and stroke. The mechanism by which the increase in ROS occurs is not known, and it is unclear how this increase can be
Snehal N Chaudhari et al.
Cell host & microbe, 29(3), 408-424 (2021-01-13)
Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for type 2 diabetes and is associated with changes in gut metabolites. Previous work uncovered a gut-restricted TGR5 agonist with anti-diabetic properties-cholic acid-7-sulfate (CA7S)-that is elevated following sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Here, we elucidate
Aaron Krylov et al.
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, 16, 1087136-1087136 (2023-08-14)
Loss of neurons in the neural retina is a leading cause of vision loss. While humans do not possess the capacity for retinal regeneration, zebrafish can achieve this through activation of resident Müller glia. Remarkably, despite the presence of Müller
Takeshi Hano et al.
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 95(3), 340-343 (2015-04-24)
We evaluated the bioconcentration and elimination of polycarbamate, a popular antifoulant classified as a dithiocarbamate fungicide, in a marine teleost fish, mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), and a polychaete (Perinereis nuntia). Following polycarbamate exposure and depuration, the calculated bioconcentration factor (BCF) and
M Dinarvand et al.
International journal of biological macromolecules, 78, 112-121 (2015-04-11)
An oral delivery system intended for treatment of colon cancer in HT29 cancerous cells was investigated by encapsulating hSET1 antisense and SN38 anticancer in nanoparticles based on cysteine trimethyl chitosan (cysTMC) and carboxymethyl dextran (CMD). Studies have shown hSET1 as
Feng Wang et al.
Cell, 153(6), 1379-1393 (2013-06-12)
Some species mount a robust antibody response despite having limited genome-encoded combinatorial diversity potential. Cows are unusual in having exceptionally long CDR H3 loops and few V regions, but the mechanism for creating diversity is not understood. Deep sequencing reveals
Salma Alavi et al.
STAR protocols, 1(3), 100200-100200 (2020-12-31)
The gut microbiome plays an important role in the exclusion of pathogens and, thus, infection outcomes. Microbiome-pathogen interaction studies are complicated by a lack of tractable animal models and differences in animal model versus human microbiomes. We have adapted the
Shota Someya et al.
iScience, 24(2), 102090-102090 (2021-02-23)
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have a unique metabolic signature for maintenance of pluripotency, self-renewal, and survival. Although hPSCs could be potentially used in regenerative medicine, the prohibitive cost associated with large-scale cell culture presents a major barrier to the
Indira Wu et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1834(8), 1539-1544 (2013-05-17)
Numerous protein engineering studies have focused on increasing the thermostability of fungal cellulases to improve production of fuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic feedstocks. However, the engineered enzymes still undergo thermal inactivation at temperatures well below the inactivation temperatures of hyperthermophilic
Chong Yao et al.
International journal of nanomedicine, 10, 3403-3416 (2015-06-10)
Low efficiency and significant toxicity are the main obstacles to successful gene delivery. We have developed a cationic reduction-responsive vector based on a disulfide cross-linked stearylated polyarginine peptide modified with histidine (C-SHR) for DNA delivery. The structure of the C-SHR
Sasa R Savic et al.
Indian journal of biochemistry & biophysics, 50(3), 221-226 (2013-08-01)
The kinetic mechanism of enzymatic modification of flavonol quercetin with L-cysteine by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was studied. Reaction of modification of quercetin was followed by recording spectral changes over time at 380 nm. All reactions were performed in 100 mM
Hye Mi Kim et al.
Toxins, 13(10) (2021-10-23)
Patulin, a mycotoxin, is known to have cytotoxic effects, but few studies have focused on the involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in patulin toxicity and the natural compounds that attenuate it in HepG2 cells. This study tested
J K Lindgren et al.
Journal of bacteriology, 196(12), 2277-2289 (2014-04-15)
Allelic replacement mutants were constructed within arginine deiminase (arcA1 and arcA2) to assess the function of the arginine deiminase (ADI) pathway in organic acid resistance and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis 1457. A growth-dependent acidification assay (pH ∼5.0 to ∼5.2)
Yanhong Xu et al.
Nature protocols (2024-07-27)
Human early embryonic development is the cornerstone of a healthy baby. Abnormal early embryonic development may lead to developmental and pregnancy-related disorders. Accordingly, understanding the developmental events and mechanisms of human early embryonic development is very important. However, attempts to
Kellie Veen et al.
PLoS genetics, 19(11), e1011010-e1011010 (2023-11-06)
Damage to light-sensing photoreceptors (PRs) occurs in highly prevalent retinal diseases. As humans cannot regenerate new PRs, these diseases often lead to irreversible blindness. Intriguingly, animals, such as the zebrafish, can regenerate PRs efficiently and restore functional vision. Upon injury
Balca R Mardin et al.
Developmental cell, 25(3), 229-240 (2013-05-07)
Timely and accurate assembly of the mitotic spindle is critical for the faithful segregation of chromosomes, and centrosome separation is a key step in this process. The timing of centrosome separation varies dramatically between cell types; however, the mechanisms responsible
T V Vovkun et al.
Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994), 59(1), 40-46 (2013-05-30)
We studied parameters of gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated rat and blood flow in the rat gastric mucosa under the influence of drug corvitin used intragastrically in doses of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg. Biochemical analysis of gastric juice was based on
I Presti et al.
Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 99(13), 5613-5626 (2015-03-07)
Probiotic ingestion is recommended as a preventive approach to maintain the balance of the intestinal microbiota and to enhance the human well-being. During the whole life of each individual, the gut microbiota composition could be altered by lifestyle, diet, antibiotic
Chao Yang et al.
Molecular cell, 84(10), 1904-1916 (2024-05-18)
Many types of human cancers suppress the expression of argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1), a rate-limiting enzyme for arginine production. Although dependency on exogenous arginine can be harnessed by arginine-deprivation therapies, the impact of ASS1 suppression on the quality of the
Christopher J Day et al.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 1512, 51-63 (2016-11-26)
Despite many years of research into bacterial chemotaxis, the only well characterized system to date is that of E. coli. Even for E. coli, the direct ligand binding had been fully characterized only for aspartate and serene receptors Tar and
Piero Pingitore et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1828(9), 2238-2246 (2013-06-13)
The human glutamine/neutral amino acid transporter ASCT2 (hASCT2) was over-expressed in Pichia pastoris and purified by Ni(2+)-chelating and gel filtration chromatography. The purified protein was reconstituted in liposomes by detergent removal with a batch-wise procedure. Time dependent [(3)H]glutamine/glutamine antiport was
Arne Trettin et al.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 966, 171-178 (2013-12-25)
Paracetamol (acetaminophen, APAP) is a commonly used analgesic drug. Known paracetamol metabolites include the glucuronide, sulfate and mercapturate. N-Acetyl-benzoquinonimine (NAPQI) is considered the toxic intermediate metabolite of paracetamol. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that paracetamol is also metabolized
Anna B Meier et al.
iScience, 25(1), 103596-103596 (2022-01-07)
Childhood-onset myocardial hypertrophy and cardiomyopathic changes are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in early life, particularly in patients with Noonan syndrome, a multisystemic genetic disorder caused by autosomal dominant mutations in genes of the Ras-MAPK pathway. Although the cardiomyopathy
Lars Bräutigam et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 436(3), 491-496 (2013-06-13)
Glutaredoxins that contain a Cys-X-X-Cys active site motif are glutathione-dependent thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases. Vertebrate glutaredoxin 2 is characterized by two extra cysteines that form an intra-molecular disulfide bridge. Zebrafish glutaredoxin 2 contains four additional cysteines that are conserved within the infraclass
(Bio)synthesis, extraction and purification of garlic derivatives showing therapeutic properties.
B Dethier et al.
Communications in agricultural and applied biological sciences, 78(1), 149-155 (2013-07-24)
Tal Ilani et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 341(6141), 74-76 (2013-05-25)
Disulfide bond formation in secretory proteins occurs primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where multiple enzyme families catalyze cysteine cross-linking. Quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 1 (QSOX1) is an atypical disulfide catalyst, localized to the Golgi apparatus or secreted from cells. We
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