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X Gao et al.
Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society, 27(12), 1817-1830 (2015-10-16)
Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of somatic stimulation for patients with gastrointestinal motility disorders. However, little effort has been made to investigate the effects of acupuncture on colonic motility, particularly in pathological conditions. The precise mechanism employed in the
Takeshi Kobayashi et al.
Experimental eye research, 135, 109-117 (2015-02-17)
Interactions between stromal and epithelial cells play important roles in the development, homeostasis, and pathological conditions of the cornea. Soluble cytokines are critical factors in stromal-epithelial interactions, and growth factors secreted from corneal stromal cells contribute to the regulation of
Rolando M D'Angelillo et al.
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics, 90(2), 296-302 (2014-08-03)
To retrospectively review data of a cohort of patients with biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy, treated according to a uniform institutional treatment policy, to evaluate toxicity and feasibility of high-dose salvage radiation therapy (80 Gy). Data on 60 patients with
Sílvia Fernàndez-Roig et al.
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 97(6), 1252-1259 (2013-04-19)
Folate, choline, and betaine participate in homocysteine metabolism. It is not known whether they interact during pregnancy. The objective was to investigate how folate status affects choline, betaine, and dimethylglycine during pregnancy. Fasting plasma folate, cobalamin, free choline, betaine, dimethylglycine
Robert B Campenot et al.
Nature protocols, 4(12), 1869-1887 (2009-12-17)
The compartmented culture, in which primary neurons plated in a proximal compartment send their axons under silicone grease barriers and into left and right distal compartments, has enhanced the experimental capabilities of neuronal cultures. Treatments can be applied separately to
Brian Tf Wu et al.
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 98(5), 1209-1217 (2013-09-06)
Choline needs are increased in pregnancy. Choline can be used as a source of methyl for homocysteine remethylation to methionine, but choline synthesis requires methyls from methionine. Vitamin B-12 deficiency increases choline use for homocysteine methylation. We investigated whether poor
Mouse model for deficiency of methionine synthase reductase exhibits short-term memory impairment and disturbances in brain choline metabolism.
Jadavji NM, Bahous RH, Deng L, et al.
The Biochemical Journal, 461(2), 205-212 (2014)
Carina Guimarães de Souza Melo et al.
Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society, 32(12), e13989-e13989 (2020-09-29)
The gut is the only organ system with intrinsic neural reflexes. Intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs) of the enteric nervous system initiate intrinsic reflexes, form gut-brain connections, and undergo considerable neuroplasticity to cause digestive diseases. They remain inaccessible to study
Choline: an essential nutrient for public health
Zeisel SH and Da Costa KA
Nutr. Rev, 67(11), 615-623 (2009)
Harvie P Portugaliza et al.
Scientific reports, 9(1), 14595-14595 (2019-10-12)
Transmission of malaria parasites from humans to mosquito vectors requires that some asexual parasites differentiate into sexual forms termed gametocytes. The balance between proliferation in the same host and conversion into transmission forms can be altered by the conditions of
Alain M Guillem et al.
Neurochemical research, 40(11), 2317-2324 (2015-09-20)
Glutamate, the main excitatory transmitter in the vertebrate brain, exerts its actions through the activation of specific membrane receptors present in neurons and glial cells. Over-stimulation of glutamate receptors results in neuronal death, phenomena known as excitotoxicity. A family of
N Sidhu et al.
British journal of anaesthesia, 111(2), 249-255 (2013-04-10)
Activation of nicotinic receptors with nicotine has been shown to reduce post-surgical pain in clinical and preclinical studies. Choline is a selective agonist at α7-type nicotinic receptors that does not have addictive or sympathetic activating properties. It is anti-nociceptive in
Wang Qingsong et al.
Undersea & hyperbaric medicine : journal of the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society, Inc, 40(3), 223-229 (2013-06-26)
The mechanism underlying delayed neuropsychological sequelae (DNS) after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is unclear. There are no effective treatments for DNS. As part of a new generation of antioxidants, edaravone has been reported to improve clinical outcomes in patients
Minming Wu et al.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications, 45, 162-169 (2014-12-11)
Novel biomimetic amphiphilic chitosan derivative, deoxycholic acid-phosphorylcholine-chitosan conjugate (DCA-PCCs) was synthesized based on the combination of Atherton-Todd reaction for coupling phosphorylcholine (PC) and carbodiimide coupling reaction for linking deoxycholic acid (DCA) to chitosan. The chemical structure of DCA-PCCs was characterized
Amanda E Casale et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 35(47), 15555-15567 (2015-11-27)
The role of interneurons in cortical microcircuits is strongly influenced by their passive and active electrical properties. Although different types of interneurons exhibit unique electrophysiological properties recorded at the soma, it is not yet clear whether these differences are also
Sajin Bae et al.
Cancer research, 74(24), 7442-7452 (2014-10-23)
Few studies have examined associations between plasma choline metabolites and risk of colorectal cancer. Therefore, we investigated associations between plasma biomarkers of choline metabolism [choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)] and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women in a
W H Wilson Tang et al.
The New England journal of medicine, 368(17), 1575-1584 (2013-04-26)
Recent studies in animals have shown a mechanistic link between intestinal microbial metabolism of the choline moiety in dietary phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) and coronary artery disease through the production of a proatherosclerotic metabolite, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). We investigated the relationship among intestinal
Yu-Chi Liu et al.
Plant physiology, 179(2), 433-445 (2018-12-07)
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a primary class of membrane lipids in most eukaryotes. In plants, the primary PC biosynthetic pathway and its role in plant growth and development remain elusive due to lack of a mutant model with substantially decreased PC
Ricardo André Amorim Leite et al.
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria, 71(9A), 584-590 (2013-10-22)
To analyze the agreement rate of proton magnetic spectroscopy with magnetic resonance image (MRI) and surface electroencephalography (EEG) in extratemporal neocortical epilepsies. A cross-sectional study, type series of cases included 33 patients, age range 13-59 years old, of both gender
Zhenglin Gu et al.
Cell reports, 31(10), 107740-107740 (2020-06-11)
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are critically involved in hippocampal theta generation, but much less is known about the role of nicotinic AChRs (nAChRs). Here we provide evidence that α7 nAChRs expressed on interneurons, particularly those in oriens lacunosum moleculare (OLM)
Chun-Ling Duan et al.
Glia, 63(9), 1660-1670 (2015-06-03)
To determine whether reactive astrocytes stimulated by brain injury can transdifferentiate into functional new neurons, we labeled these cells by injecting a glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) targeted enhanced green fluorescence protein plasmid (pGfa2-eGFP plasmid) into the striatum of adult
Early and persistent abnormal decoding by glial cells at the neuromuscular junction in an ALS model.
Danielle Arbour et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 35(2), 688-706 (2015-01-16)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neuromuscular disease characterized by progressive loss of motor neurons (MNs) preceded by neuromuscular junction (NMJ) denervation. Despite the importance of NMJ denervation in ALS, the mechanisms involved remain unexplored and ill defined. The
Meriyem Aktas et al.
The FEBS journal, 281(15), 3523-3541 (2014-06-17)
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is a rare membrane lipid in bacteria, but is crucial for virulence of the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens and various other pathogens. Agrobacterium tumefaciens uses two independent PC biosynthesis pathways. One is dependent on the integral membrane protein
Wentao Bi et al.
Journal of chromatography. A, 1285, 22-30 (2013-03-14)
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are emerging rapidly as a new type of green solvent instead of an ionic liquid (IL), and are typically formed by mixing choline chloride with hydrogen bond donors. Few studies have applied DESs to the extraction
Robert A Koeth et al.
Nature medicine, 19(5), 576-585 (2013-04-09)
Intestinal microbiota metabolism of choline and phosphatidylcholine produces trimethylamine (TMA), which is further metabolized to a proatherogenic species, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). We demonstrate here that metabolism by intestinal microbiota of dietary L-carnitine, a trimethylamine abundant in red meat, also produces TMAO
Yukihiro Chino et al.
Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition, 35(7), 391-404 (2014-07-22)
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been reported to lower the serum uric acid (SUA) level. To elucidate the mechanism responsible for this reduction, SUA and the urinary excretion rate of uric acid (UE(UA)) were analysed after the oral
Da Li et al.
The British journal of nutrition, 110(12), 2156-2164 (2013-06-19)
Ecological evidence suggests that niacin (nicotinamide and nicotinic acid) fortification may be involved in the increased prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes, both of which are associated with insulin resistance and epigenetic changes. The purpose of the present study
S Suppiah et al.
Clinical radiology, 68(9), e502-e510 (2013-05-28)
To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SV (1)H MRS) by quantifying total choline-containing compounds (tCho) in differentiating malignant from benign lesions, and subsequently, to analyse the relationship of tCho levels in malignant breast lesions with
Melissa A Erlandson et al.
PloS one, 10(7), e0132008-e0132008 (2015-07-03)
The organization of cortical networks can be investigated functionally in brain slices. Laser scanning photostimulation (LSPS) with glutamate-uncaging allows for a rapid survey of all connections impinging on single cells recorded in patch-clamp. We sought to develop a variant of
Sebastian Trousil et al.
Cancer research, 74(23), 6867-6877 (2014-10-01)
Metabolic rearrangements subsequent to malignant transformation are not well characterized in endometrial cancer. Identification of altered metabolites could facilitate imaging-guided diagnosis, treatment surveillance, and help to identify new therapeutic options. Here, we used high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance mass
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