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Miguel Tavares Pereira et al.
Scientific reports, 12(1), 21890-21890 (2022-12-20)
Maternal-stroma derived decidual cells, the only cell population in the canine placenta expressing the nuclear progesterone (P4) receptor (PGR), are crucial for the maintenance of canine pregnancy. Decreased circulating progesterone (P4) levels, or blockage of PGR function with antigestagens, terminate
Philip L Yates et al.
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS, 78(21-22), 6941-6961 (2021-09-29)
Gulf War Illness (GWI), a disorder suffered by approximately 200,000 veterans of the first Gulf War, was caused by exposure to low-level organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents in combination with battlefield stress. To elucidate the mechanistic basis of the brain-related
Song-Hee Kim et al.
International journal of biological sciences, 20(1), 312-330 (2024-01-02)
Background: The cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and CREB-regulated transcription coactivators (CRTCs) cooperate in the transcriptional activation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor subtype M (MITF-M) that is a master regulator in the biogenesis, pigmentation and transfer of melanosomes at epidermal melanocytes.
Natalie Rose et al.
Acta neuropathologica, 144(5), 1005-1025 (2022-09-09)
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder defined by muscle weakness and fatigability associated with antibodies against proteins of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The most common autoantibody target is the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Three mechanisms have been postulated by which autoantibodies
Erika Ishihara et al.
Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms, 25(3), 197-214 (2020-01-29)
Cell competition is a biological process by which unfit cells are eliminated from "cell society." We previously showed that cultured mammalian epithelial Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells expressing constitutively active YAP were eliminated by apical extrusion when surrounded by "normal"
Paola Rusmini et al.
Autophagy, 15(4), 631-651 (2018-10-20)
Macroautophagy/autophagy, a defense mechanism against aberrant stresses, in neurons counteracts aggregate-prone misfolded protein toxicity. Autophagy induction might be beneficial in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The natural compound trehalose promotes autophagy via TFEB (transcription factor EB), ameliorating disease phenotype in multiple ND
Henrik Renner et al.
Bio-protocol, 11(11), e4049-e4049 (2021-07-23)
Three-dimensional cell cultures ("organoids") promise to better recapitulate native tissue physiology than traditional 2D cultures and are becoming increasingly interesting for disease modeling and compound screening efforts. While a number of protocols for the generation of neural organoids have been
Florian J Raabe et al.
Cells, 11(2) (2022-01-22)
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are critical for myelination and are implicated in several brain disorders. Directed differentiation of human-induced OLs (iOLs) from pluripotent stem cells can be achieved by forced expression of different combinations of the transcription factors SOX10 (S), OLIG2 (O)
Lisa Bauer et al.
mSphere, 6(3), e0027021-e0027021 (2021-06-24)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a wide variety of neurological complications. Even though SARS-CoV-2 is rarely detected in the central nervous system (CNS) or cerebrospinal fluid, evidence is accumulating that SARS-CoV-2 might enter the
Merete Lund et al.
Biology of reproduction, 108(2), 258-268 (2022-10-11)
Angiogenesis within the ovarian follicle is an important component of ovulation. New capillary growth is initiated by the ovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH), and angiogenesis is well underway at the time of follicle rupture. LH-stimulated follicular production of vascular
Odity Mukherjee et al.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 1919, 9-24 (2019-01-19)
The human brain and mechanisms underlying its functioning has been a field of intense research due to its complexity, inaccessibility, and the large numbers of debilitating disorders affecting this organ. Model organisms have provided great insight into the functioning of
Katsuhiko Hayashi et al.
Nature protocols, 8(8), 1513-1524 (2013-07-13)
Oogenesis is an integrated process through which an egg acquires the potential for totipotency, a fundamental condition for creating new individuals. Reconstitution of oogenesis in a culture that generates eggs with proper function from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is therefore
Ying Han et al.
PloS one, 7(11), e48966-e48966 (2012-11-10)
Excessive sympathetic activity contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of hypertension. Enhanced cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) is involved in sympathetic activation. This study was designed to determine the roles of angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in modulating sympathetic
Muwan Chen et al.
STAR protocols, 4(3), 102451-102451 (2023-07-23)
Here, we present a protocol for generating miniaturized controlled midbrain organoids (MiCOs) of reproducible size and cellular composition, without a necrotic center. We describe steps for maintaining and passaging human pluripotent stem cells, generating MiCOs using AggreWell™400, and maintaining them
Yuan Li et al.
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 90(8), 1105-1116 (2012-07-13)
We have previously shown that A10 vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) exposed to angiotensin II (Ang II) exhibited overexpression of Giα proteins. In the present study, we examined the involvement of different signaling pathways in regulating Ang II induced enhanced expression
Yunlong Tao et al.
Nature biotechnology (2023-11-17)
Central norepinephrine (NE) neurons, located mainly in the locus coeruleus (LC), are implicated in diverse psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases and are an emerging target for drug discovery. To facilitate their study, we developed a method to generate 40-60% human LC-NE
Ana Isabel Calejo et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 33(18), 8068-8078 (2013-05-03)
Regulated exocytosis mediates the release of hormones and transmitters. The last step of this process is represented by the merger between the vesicle and the plasma membranes, and the formation of a fusion pore. Once formed, the initially stable and
Fan Hu et al.
Adipocyte, 11(1), 379-388 (2022-08-03)
PARP12 is a member of poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase (PARPs), which has been characterized for its antiviral function. Yet its physiological implication in adipocytes remains unknown. Here, we report a central function of PARP12 in thermogenic adipocytes. We show that PARP12 is
Laasya Dhandapani et al.
Journal of cell science, 135(1) (2021-12-14)
Oocytes spend the majority of their lifetime in a primordial state. The cellular and molecular biology of primordial oocytes is largely unexplored; yet, it is necessary to study them to understand the mechanisms through which oocytes maintain cellular fitness for
Peter Breining et al.
European journal of endocrinology, 184(5), 687-697 (2021-03-09)
Activation of brown adipose tissue is a promising strategy to treat and prevent obesity and obesity-related disorders. Activation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) leads to uncoupled respiration and dissipation of stored energy as heat. Induction of UCP1-rich adipocytes in white
Elisa Giacomelli et al.
Cell stem cell, 26(6), 862-879 (2020-05-28)
Cardiomyocytes (CMs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are functionally immature, but this is improved by incorporation into engineered tissues or forced contraction. Here, we showed that tri-cellular combinations of hiPSC-derived CMs, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), and cardiac endothelial cells
Xiling Yin et al.
STAR protocols, 2(2), 100405-100405 (2021-04-16)
Calcium regulation is a critical process in neurons, and Ca2+ signaling is a major contributor to neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, combining calcium imaging with whole-cell Ca2+ current recording, we provide a detailed protocol for measuring Ca2+ homeostasis
Brett W Stringer et al.
Science advances, 9(43), eadf1332-eadf1332 (2023-10-25)
Cancers in the central nervous system resist therapies effective in other cancers, possibly due to the unique biochemistry of the human brain microenvironment composed of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, the impact of CSF on cancer cells and therapeutic efficacy is
Hannah M Wüst et al.
Nucleic acids research, 48(16), 8959-8976 (2020-07-17)
Schwann cells are the nerve ensheathing cells of the peripheral nervous system. Absence, loss and malfunction of Schwann cells or their myelin sheaths lead to peripheral neuropathies such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in humans. During Schwann cell development and myelination chromatin
Nikita Arnst et al.
Cells, 10(7) (2021-08-08)
For some time, it has been accepted that the β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and the γ-secretase are two main players in the amyloidogenic processing of the β-amyloid precursor protein (APP). Recently, the membrane-type 5 matrix metalloproteinase (MT5-MMP/MMP-24), mainly
Linchen Tang et al.
Cell reports. Medicine, 4(5), 101026-101026 (2023-05-04)
Recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM) affects 1%-2% of fertile women worldwide and poses a risk of future pregnancy complications. Increasing evidence has indicated that defective endometrial stromal decidualization is a potential cause of RSM. Here, we perform liquid chromatography with mass
Manish R Patel et al.
Translational oncology, 13(7), 100782-100782 (2020-05-19)
Oncolytic viruses have demonstrated efficacy in numerous tumor models including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). One limitation of viral therapy for metastatic lung cancer is that systemic administration can be hindered by complement and antiviral immunity. Thus, we investigated whether
Mohammed R Shaker et al.
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 15, 631548-631548 (2021-04-06)
Human stem cell derived brain organoids are increasingly gaining attention as an ideal model system for investigating neurological diseases, particularly those that involve myelination defects. However, current protocols for generating brain organoids with sufficiently mature oligodendrocytes that deposit myelin on
Adam Wieschhaus et al.
The Biochemical journal, 448(1), 141-152 (2012-08-09)
Pharmacological inhibitors of cysteine proteases have provided useful insights into the regulation of calpain activity in erythrocytes. However, the precise biological function of calpain activity in erythrocytes remains poorly understood. Erythrocytes express calpain-1, an isoform regulated by calpastatin, the endogenous
Ze'ev Melamed et al.
Nature neuroscience, 22(2), 180-190 (2019-01-16)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are associated with loss of nuclear transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). Here we identify that TDP-43 regulates expression of the neuronal growth-associated factor stathmin-2. Lowered TDP-43 levels, which reduce its binding
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