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Christabel Xin Tan et al.
The Journal of cell biology, 222(11) (2023-09-14)
Astrocytes control the formation of specific synaptic circuits via cell adhesion and secreted molecules. Astrocyte synaptogenic functions are dependent on the establishment of their complex morphology. However, it is unknown if distinct neuronal cues differentially regulate astrocyte morphogenesis. δ-Catenin was
Michael L Salinas et al.
Biophysical journal, 118(4), 885-897 (2019-10-22)
The increasing prevalence of adult and adolescent obesity and its associated risk of colorectal cancer reinforces the urgent need to elucidate the underlying mechanisms contributing to the promotion of colon cancer in obese individuals. Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-derived adipokine
Crystal W Burke et al.
Viruses, 14(7) (2022-07-28)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the route of administration on the immunogenicity and efficacy of a combined western, eastern, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis (WEVEE) virus-like replicon particle (VRP) vaccine in cynomolgus macaques. The vaccine
Guihua Du et al.
Development (Cambridge, England), 148(9) (2021-05-01)
The stem cell-containing undifferentiated spermatogonial population in mammals, which ensures continual sperm production, arises during development from prospermatogonial precursors. Although a period of quiescence is known to occur in prospermatogonia prior to postnatal spermatogonial transition, the importance of this has
Claudio Bussi et al.
Nature communications, 13(1), 7338-7338 (2022-11-29)
Transient lysosomal damage after infection with cytosolic pathogens or silica crystals uptake results in protease leakage. Whether limited leakage of lysosomal contents into the cytosol affects the function of cytoplasmic organelles is unknown. Here, we show that sterile and non-sterile
Gary Entrican et al.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 295, 55-70 (2004-12-15)
Hybridomas can be grown in a number of ways to produce stocks of monoclonal antibodies. Smaller volumes may be produced in static flask culture, but if larger amounts are required, a bioreactor may be used.
Satoshi Ikeo et al.
Biomaterials, 276, 121031-121031 (2021-07-26)
Lung transplantation is the only treatment available for end-stage lung diseases; however, donor shortage is a global issue. The use of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) for organ regeneration is a promising approach. Nevertheless, methods for the expansion of isolated
Hui Li et al.
Chemistry, an Asian journal, 6(9), 2320-2331 (2011-06-11)
A facile, template-free, and environmentally friendly hydrothermal strategy was explored for the controllable synthesis of α-Fe(2)O(3) nanostructures in HEPES solution (HEPES=2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanesulfonic acid). The effects of experimental parameters including HEPES/FeCl(3) molar ratio, pH value, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the
Pathogenic Leptospires Limit Dendritic Cell Activation Through Avoidance of TLR4 and TRIF Signaling.
Julie Cagliero et al.
Frontiers in immunology, 13, 911778-911778 (2022-07-12)
Leptospira interrogans is a bacterial species responsible for leptospirosis, a neglected worldwide zoonosis. Mice and rats are resistant and can become asymptomatic carriers, whereas humans and some other mammals may develop severe forms of leptospirosis. Uncommon among spirochetes, leptospires contain
Marianne Dölz et al.
iScience, 25(11), 105372-105372 (2022-11-18)
CD28 provides the prototypical costimulatory signal required for productive T-cell activation. Known molecular consequences of CD28 costimulation are mostly based on studies of protein signaling molecules. The microRNA cluster miR-17∼92 is induced by T cell receptor stimulation and further enhanced by
Grégory Berger et al.
Nature protocols, 6(6), 806-816 (2011-06-04)
Lentiviral vectors derived from the human immunodeficiency type 1 virus (HIV-1 LV) are among the finest tools available today for the genetic modification of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs). However, this process is largely inefficient because MDDCs show a strong
Kai Zhao et al.
International journal of molecular sciences, 23(1) (2022-01-12)
About 95% of Glioblastoma (GBM) patients experience tumor relapse as a consequence of resistance to the first-line standard chemotherapy using temozolomide (TMZ). Recent studies reported consistently elevated expression levels of carbonic anhydrase CA2 in recurrent glioblastoma and temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma stem-like
Javier Octavio Mejía-Hernández et al.
Cancers, 14(16) (2022-08-27)
Metastatic prostate cancer is a lethal disease in patients incapable of responding to therapeutic interventions. Invasive prostate cancer spread is caused by failure of the normal anti-cancer defense systems that are controlled by the tumour suppressor protein, p53. Upon mutation
Jigang Wang et al.
Nature protocols, 12(2), 279-288 (2017-01-13)
At present, several assays that use radioisotope labeling to quantify the degradation of long-lived proteins have been developed to measure autophagic flux. Here, we describe a nonradioactive pulse-chase protocol using L-azidohomoalanine (AHA) labeling to quantify long-lived protein degradation during autophagy.
Jacquelynn E Brown et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 30(15), 5242-5252 (2010-04-16)
Ischemic preconditioning is a phenomenon in which low-level stressful stimuli upregulate endogenous defensive programs, resulting in subsequent resistance to otherwise lethal injuries. We previously observed that signal transduction systems typically associated with neurodegeneration such as caspase activation are requisite events
Andreas Schiwy et al.
Nature protocols, 10(11), 1728-1741 (2015-10-09)
This protocol describes a quantitative and robust 96-well-plate-reader-based assay for the measurement of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity using the rat hepatoma cell line H4IIE. The assay can be used to determine the cytochrome P450 subfamily 1A (CYP1A)-inducing potential of single substances
Stefan Bauernfried et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 371(6528) (2020-11-28)
Inflammasomes function as intracellular sensors of pathogen infection or cellular perturbation and thereby play a central role in numerous diseases. Given the high abundance of NLRP1 in epithelial barrier tissues, we screened a diverse panel of viruses for inflammasome activation
Peng Ye et al.
Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 8, 810477-810477 (2022-02-18)
Recently, the extracellular matrix protein agrin has been reported to promote tumor angiogenesis that supports tumorigenesis and metastasis; however, there is a lack of in vivo genetic evidence to prove whether agrin derived from the tumors or endothelial cells (ECs)
Interferon restores replication fork stability and cell viability in BRCA-defective cells via ISG15.
Ramona N Moro et al.
Nature communications, 14(1), 6140-6140 (2023-10-03)
DNA replication and repair defects or genotoxic treatments trigger interferon (IFN)-mediated inflammatory responses. However, whether and how IFN signaling in turn impacts the DNA replication process has remained elusive. Here we show that basal levels of the IFN-stimulated gene 15
Angelika Dannert et al.
STAR protocols, 4(2), 102266-102266 (2023-05-06)
Human-induced-pluripotent-stem-cell (hiPSC)-derived neurons are valuable for investigating brain physiology and disease. Here, we present a protocol to differentiate hiPSCs into cortical neurons with high yield and purity. We describe neural induction via dual-SMAD inhibition, followed by spot-based differentiation to provide
Nerissa K Kirkwood et al.
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 11, 262-262 (2017-09-21)
Aminoglycoside antibiotics are widely used for the treatment of life-threatening bacterial infections, but cause permanent hearing loss in a substantial proportion of treated patients. The sensory hair cells of the inner ear are damaged following entry of these antibiotics via
André R A Marques et al.
Autophagy, 16(5), 811-825 (2019-07-10)
CTSD (cathepsin D) is one of the major lysosomal proteases indispensable for the maintenance of cellular proteostasis by turning over substrates of endocytosis, phagocytosis and autophagy. Consequently, CTSD deficiency leads to a strong impairment of the lysosomal-autophagy machinery. In mice
Robert W E Crozier et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 102867-102867 (2023-01-08)
Mast cells are essential regulators of inflammation most recognized for their central role in allergic inflammatory disorders. Signaling via the high-affinity immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor, FcεRI, leads to rapid degranulation of preformed granules and the sustained release of newly-synthesized pro-inflammatory
Anca G Delgado et al.
Microbial cell factories, 11, 128-128 (2012-09-15)
Buffering to achieve pH control is crucial for successful trichloroethene (TCE) anaerobic bioremediation. Bicarbonate (HCO3-) is the natural buffer in groundwater and the buffer of choice in the laboratory and at contaminated sites undergoing biological treatment with organohalide respiring microorganisms.
Chiao-Chen Chen et al.
Analytical chemistry, 85(7), 3621-3628 (2013-02-21)
Elucidation of epithelial transport across transcellular or paracellular pathways promises to advance the present understanding of ion transport and enables regulation of cell junctions critical to the cell and molecular biology of the epithelium. Here, we demonstrate a new instrumental
Yang-Yi Fan et al.
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 309(1), G1-G9 (2015-05-16)
Evidence suggests that targeting cancer cell energy metabolism might be an effective therapeutic approach for selective ablation of malignancies. Using a Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer, we have demonstrated that select environmental agents can alter colonic mitochondrial function by increasing respiration-induced
Anna Gerhartl et al.
Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 17(1), 19-19 (2020-03-07)
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is altered in several diseases of the central nervous system. For example, the breakdown of the BBB during cerebral ischemia in stroke or traumatic brain injury is a hallmark of the diseases' progression. This functional damage
Nirod Kumar Sarangi et al.
The journal of physical chemistry. B, 126(48), 10000-10017 (2022-11-23)
Galectin-3 (Gal3) is a β-galactoside binding lectin that mediates many physiological functions, including the binding of cells to the extracellular matrix for which the glycoprotein α5β1 integrin is of critical importance. The mechanisms by which Gal3 interacts with membranes have
Marta Alves da Silva et al.
Biotechnology journal, 12(12) (2017-09-14)
Many efforts are being directed worldwide to the treatment of OA-focal lesions. The majority of those efforts comprise either the refinement of surgical techniques or combinations of biomaterials with various autologous cells. Herein, we tested electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous meshes
Mustafa Yalcinkaya et al.
Journal of lipid research, 61(4), 492-504 (2020-01-08)
Loss of pancreatic β-cell mass and function as a result of sustained ER stress is a core step in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 2. The complex control of β-cells and insulin production involves hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways as
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