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Effects of L-leucine and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid upon insulin secretion and metabolism of isolated pancreatic islets.
Panten U
Febs Letters, 20(2), 225-228 (1972)
Alexandros Pechlivanis et al.
Journal of proteome research, 9(12), 6405-6416 (2010-10-12)
Physical exercise modifies animal metabolism profoundly. Until recently, biochemical investigations related to exercise focused on a small number of biomolecules. In the present study, we used a holistic analytical approach to investigate changes in the human urine metabolome elicited by
Dipsikha Biswas et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 295(46), 15597-15621 (2020-09-04)
Branched-chain α-keto acids (BCKAs) are catabolites of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Intracellular BCKAs are cleared by branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), which is sensitive to inhibitory phosphorylation by BCKD kinase (BCKDK). Accumulation of BCKAs is an indicator of defective BCAA catabolism
Rajavel Elango et al.
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 96(4), 759-767 (2012-09-07)
Leucine has been suggested to improve athletic performance. Therefore, the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), especially leucine, are popular as dietary supplements in strength-training athletes; however, the intake of leucine in excess of requirements raises concerns regarding adverse effects. Currently, the
Jian Lei et al.
Amino acids, 43(5), 2179-2189 (2012-05-01)
Lactation is associated with elevated catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in mammary glands to produce glutamate, glutamine, alanine, aspartate, and asparagine. This study determined effects of metabolic fuels on the catabolism of leucine (a representative BCAA) in bovine mammary
M Willenborg et al.
Biochemical pharmacology, 80(1), 104-112 (2010-03-23)
The K(+) channel blocker, TEA is known to increase action potential amplitude and insulin secretion of mouse beta-cells when added to a nutrient secretagogue. In the presence of a maximally effective sulfonylurea concentration (2.7 microM glipizide) the nutrient secretagogue alpha-ketoisocaproic
Tengyu Ko et al.
Oncogene, 39(4), 723-738 (2019-09-25)
The V600E mutation of BRAF (BRAFV600E), which constitutively activates the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway, is frequently found in melanoma and other cancers. Like most other oncogenes, BRAFV600E causes oncogenic stress to normal cells, leading to growth arrest (senescence) or apoptosis. Through
Hui You et al.
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism, 300(3), E435-E444 (2010-10-21)
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels correlate with hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus, but ANP effects on pancreatic islet β-cell insulin secretion are controversial. ANP was investigated for short- and long-term effects on insulin secretion and mechanisms regulating secretion in isolated rat
Chris H P van den Akker et al.
Pediatric research, 70(6), 566-571 (2011-08-23)
Human fetal metabolism is largely unexplored. Understanding how a healthy fetus achieves its fast growth rates could eventually play a pivotal role in improving future nutritional strategies for premature infants. To quantify specific fetal amino acid kinetics, eight healthy pregnant
Hong Guo-Parke et al.
The Journal of endocrinology, 214(3), 257-265 (2012-06-12)
Formation of pseudoislets from rodent cell lines has provided a particularly useful model to study homotypic islet cell interactions and insulin secretion. This study aimed to extend this research to generate and characterize, for the first time, functional human pseudoislets
Donald F Stec et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 456(2), 610-614 (2014-12-17)
Countering the diabetes pandemic and consequent complications, such as nephropathy, will require better understanding of disease mechanisms and development of new diagnostic methods. Animal models can be versatile tools in studies of diabetic renal disease when model pathology is relevant
A to Z of nutritional supplements: dietary supplements, sports nutrition foods and ergogenic aids for health and performance--Part 21.
C Goodman et al.
British journal of sports medicine, 45(8), 677-679 (2011-06-01)
Analysis of Branched-Chain Keto Acids in Cell Extracts by HPLC-Fluorescence Detention
Ayuna HATTORI
Chromatography, 38, 129-133 (2017)
Branched chain a- Keto acid metabolism
JOE A. BOWDEN
The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 243, 3526-3531 (1968)
Ignazio Grattagliano et al.
European journal of clinical investigation, 40(9), 843-850 (2010-07-06)
Mitochondria play a major role in cell energetic metabolism; therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction inevitably participates in or even determines the onset and progression of chronic liver diseases. The assessment of mitochondrial function in vivo, by providing more insight into the pathogenesis
Sadia A Butt et al.
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 32(8), 1508-1514 (2012-03-29)
The branched chain amino acid transaminase (BCAT) has an important role in nitrogen shuttling and glutamate metabolism in the brain. The purpose of this study was to describe the cerebral distribution and metabolism of hyperpolarized 2-keto[1-(13)C]isocaproate (KIC) in the normal
Sven Dänicke et al.
Toxins, 5(1), 139-161 (2013-01-17)
Ergot alkaloids (the sum of individual ergot alkaloids are termed as total alkaloids, TA) are produced by the fungus Claviceps purpurea, which infests cereal grains commonly used as feedstuffs. Ergot alkaloids potentially modulate microsomal and mitochondrial hepatic enzymes. Thus, the
Chung-De Chen et al.
Journal of bacteriology, 194(22), 6206-6216 (2012-09-18)
Branched-chain aminotransferases (BCAT), which utilize pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) as a cofactor, reversibly catalyze the transfer of the α-amino groups of three of the most hydrophobic branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), leucine, isoleucine, and valine, to α-ketoglutarate to form the respective branched-chain
J M Dickinson et al.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 108(5), 1410-1416 (2010-03-06)
The aim of this study was to develop an approach to directly assess protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) in isolated human muscle fibers in a fiber type-specific fashion. Individual muscle fibers were isolated from biopsies of the vastus lateralis (VL)
Yingsheng Zhou et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 285(44), 33718-33726 (2010-08-26)
It remains unclear how α-ketoisocaproate (KIC) and leucine are metabolized to stimulate insulin secretion. Mitochondrial BCATm (branched-chain aminotransferase) catalyzes reversible transamination of leucine and α-ketoglutarate to KIC and glutamate, the first step of leucine catabolism. We investigated the biochemical mechanisms
Nelo Eidy Zanchi et al.
Amino acids, 40(4), 1015-1025 (2010-07-08)
Amino acids such as leucine and its metabolite α-ketoisocaproate (KIC), are returning to be the focus of studies, mainly because of their anti-catabolic properties, through inhibition of muscle proteolysis and enhancement of protein synthesis. It is clear that these effects
William S Crim et al.
Molecular and cellular endocrinology, 323(2), 246-255 (2010-03-10)
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound AGI-1067 (succinobucol) has potential as an oral anti-diabetic agent. AGI-1067 reduces H(b)A1c, improves fasting plasma glucose, and reduces new-onset diabetes. We investigated AGI-1067 for possible effects on mouse pancreatic islets in vitro. Pretreatment with 10
Valentina Sica et al.
Cell reports, 27(3), 820-834 (2019-04-18)
Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by 1-cyclopropyl-4-(4-[(5-methyl-3-(3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methyl]pyridin-2-yl)piperazine (BAY87-2243, abbreviated as B87), a complex I inhibitor, fails to kill human cancer cells in vitro. Driven by this consideration, we attempted to identify agents that engage in synthetically lethal interactions with B87. Here, we
Enteral infusion of sodium 2-ketoisocaproate in endotoxic rats.
Hirokawa M and Walser M
Critical Care Medicine, 27(2), 373-379 (1999)
Yuhong Zhu et al.
Enzyme and microbial technology, 49(4), 321-325 (2011-11-25)
This work aims to produce α-ketoisocaproate (KIC) from L-leucine via the free-whole-cell biotransformation of Rhodococcus opacus DSM 43250. The effects of temperature, pH, substrate concentration, cell concentration, and rotating speed on KIC production were examined. Furthermore, the biotransformation conditions were
Li Qi et al.
Talanta, 81(4-5), 1554-1559 (2010-05-06)
A new strategy for the enantioseparation of D,L-amino acids employing the principle of ligand exchange capillary electrophoresis with Zn(II)-L-valine complex as a chiral selecting system in the presence of beta-cyclodextrin has been designed. Successful enantioseparation of label free and labeled
Ismail Syed et al.
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 300(3), R756-R762 (2011-01-14)
Recent evidence suggests that an acute increase in the generation of phagocyte-like NADPH-oxidase (Nox)-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be necessary for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Using rat islets and INS 832/13 cells, we tested the hypothesis that activation of specific
Benjamin Wax et al.
Journal of dietary supplements, 10(1), 6-16 (2013-01-30)
Glycine-arginine-α-ketoisocaproic acid (GAKIC) has been proposed to increase anaerobic high-intensity exercise performance in male subjects. However, the effects of GAKIC ingestion in female subjects have not been studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of
Dag Eckersten et al.
Regulatory peptides, 174(1-3), 32-37 (2011-11-29)
Production of nitric oxide through the action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has been detected in the islets of Langerhans. The inducible isoform of NOS (iNOS) is induced by cytokines and might contribute to the development of type-1 diabetes, while
Guoxing Fu et al.
Biochemistry, 50(29), 6292-6294 (2011-06-29)
D-Arginine dehydrogenase (DADH) catalyzes the flavin-dependent oxidative deamination of D-arginine and other D-amino acids to the corresponding imino acids. The 1.07 Å atomic-resolution structure of DADH crystallized with D-leucine unexpectedly revealed a covalent N(5) flavin adduct, instead of the expected
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