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He Wang et al.
Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 97(14), 6167-6180 (2013-06-19)
Lactulose, a synthetic ketose disaccharide, has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries as prebiotic food additives and drugs against constipation and hepatic encephalopathy. Lactulose has, so far, been produced chemically using lactose on a commercial scale. The key
Roxana Irimia et al.
Revista medico-chirurgicala a Societatii de Medici si Naturalisti din Iasi, 116(4), 1021-1027 (2013-05-25)
Both rifaximin and lactulose have been reported to be effective for maintenance of remission from hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different treatment strategies for preventing recurrences and
David Kevans et al.
Inflammatory bowel diseases, 21(4), 879-887 (2015-03-04)
The Genetics, Environmental, Microbial Project is a multicenter study assessing etiological factors in Crohn's disease by studying healthy first-degree relatives (FDRs) of individuals affected by Crohn's disease. We aimed to evaluate the contribution of genetic, microbial, and environmental factors to
Xiao Chen et al.
Digestive diseases and sciences, 58(6), 1560-1568 (2013-02-02)
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is a potent antioxidant and able to protect organs from oxidative stress injuries. Orally administered lactulose, a potent H2 inducer, is digested by colon microflora and significantly increases H2 production, indicating its potential anti-inflammatory action. To evaluate
M Mar Díaz-Herrero et al.
PloS one, 9(10), e109787-e109787 (2014-10-21)
Ammonia production is implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), being intestinal glutaminase activity the main source for ammonia. Management of ammonia formation can be effective in HE treatment by lowering intestinal ammonia production. The use of glutaminase inhibitors
Bum-Ho Bin et al.
PloS one, 9(8), e105965-e105965 (2014-08-30)
Many tissues of the human body encounter hyperosmotic stress. The effect of extracellular osmotic changes on melanin production has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we determined that hyperosmotic stress induced by organic osmolytes results in reduced melanin production
J Zhao et al.
Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society, 26(6), 794-802 (2014-03-20)
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) may be a cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, current investigations have important limitations. We aimed to identify clinically relevant diagnostic criteria for SIBO based on lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT) alone and combined
Amit Maydeo
Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 108(11), 789-792 (2011-04-23)
Constipation is a common problem for adults and paediatric patients and can generate considerable suffering for patients due to both the unpleasant physical symptoms and psychological preoccupations that can arise. Since disaccharide sugar is widely prescribed osmotic laxative in India
T V Kot et al.
The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 26(10), 1277-1282 (1992-10-01)
To review the current published clinical studies evaluating the clinical efficacy and safety of lactulose compared with other laxatives or placebo. Adverse effects associated with lactulose are also reported. Information was retrieved by searching the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for
Intestinal permeability in subjects from two different race groups with diverse stone-risk profiles.
Takalani Theka et al.
Urolithiasis, 41(2), 111-117 (2013-03-19)
It is well established that calcium oxalate stones may be caused by colonic or ileum oxalate (Ox) hyperabsorption (secondary to intestinal dysfunction). Studies have reported that increased intestinal permeability (IP) can cause hyperabsorption of nutrients culminating in passive diffusion of
Beth D Kirkpatrick et al.
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 92(4), 744-751 (2015-02-26)
Oral vaccines appear less effective in children in the developing world. Proposed biologic reasons include concurrent enteric infections, malnutrition, breast milk interference, and environmental enteropathy (EE). Rigorous study design and careful data management are essential to begin to understand this
H Huchzermeyer et al.
Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie, 35(10), 945-955 (1997-11-25)
Lactulose is therapeutically used in hepatic encephalopathy, constipation, and salmonellosis. This semisynthetic disaccharide is neither metabolized nor absorbed in the normal small intestines. Comparable to plant-polysaccharides lactulose is bacterially fermented in the colon to short chain fatty acids and gases.
Peter L Pontoppidan et al.
International immunopharmacology, 25(1), 180-188 (2015-01-24)
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a procedure with a high risk of treatment related mortality. The primary aim of the present study was to examine associations between markers of gastrointestinal toxicity, markers of systemic inflammation, and plasma levels
A A Guerra-Ordaz et al.
Applied and environmental microbiology, 80(16), 4879-4886 (2014-06-08)
The potential of a prebiotic oligosaccharide lactulose, a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus plantarum, or their synbiotic combination to control postweaning colibacillosis in pigs was evaluated using an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 oral challenge. Seventy-two weanlings were fed four diets:
Sakir Ongun et al.
Scandinavian journal of urology, 49(2), 108-114 (2014-10-17)
There is no sufficient evidence to demonstrate whether more challenging pelvic anatomy affects the functional and oncological outcomes of radical retropubic prostatectomy (RP). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pelvic biometric measurements, visceral and subcutaneous
ACP Journal Club. Adding rifaximin to lactulose increased reversal and decreased mortality in hepatic encephalopathy.
Kris V Kowdley et al.
Annals of internal medicine, 159(8), JC8-JC8 (2013-10-16)
Tim Vanuytsel et al.
Gut, 63(8), 1293-1299 (2013-10-25)
Intestinal permeability and psychological stress have been implicated in the pathophysiology of IBD and IBS. Studies in animals suggest that stress increases permeability via corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-mediated mast cell activation. Our aim was to investigate the effect of stress on
Shang-Feng Yang et al.
Clinical nephrology, 79(6), 499-503 (2013-06-04)
We present a 32-year-old woman who developed hyperammonemic encephalopathy during hemodialysis. She was rather well before 2009 when receiving peritoneal dialysis due to chronic interstitial nephritis. Due to a refractory peritonitis, the treatment was shifted to hemodialysis in January 2009.
Guillermo Dima et al.
Acta gastroenterologica Latinoamericana, 42(3), 182-185 (2012-12-12)
There is growing evidence that a disorder in intestinal microbiota would contribute to the development of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. In a subgroup, a remarkably low hydrogen production in lactulose breath test (LBT) is observed. We presume
M R Clausen et al.
Drugs, 53(6), 930-942 (1997-06-01)
Lactulose is one of the most frequently utilised agents in the treatment of constipation and hepatic encephalopathy because of its efficacy and good safety profile. The key to understanding the possible modes of action by which lactulose achieves its therapeutic
Michal M Amitai et al.
The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ, 17(5), 293-297 (2015-07-04)
Only a few studies have compared the accuracy of magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and computed tomography enterography (CTE) in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease and its complications. To compare the sensitivity of MRE and CTE analysis in their ability to
F L Weber
Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. Supplement, 222, 83-87 (1997-01-01)
Lactulose is the most frequently utilized agent in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy because of its efficacy and the fact that it has few serious side effects. How this non-absorbable disaccharide works has been a matter of controversy, but evidence
Hannah E Smith et al.
The Journal of nutrition, 144(12), 2059-2065 (2014-11-21)
Environmental enteropathy (EE) is subclinical, diffuse villous atrophy characterized by T cell infiltration of the small intestinal mucosa associated with nutrient malabsorption and stunting. EE is assessed by the lactulose:mannitol (L:M) test, whereby nonmetabolized sugars are ingested and quantified in
[Lactulose and the microecology of the large intestine].
V I Maksimov et al.
Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii, (5)(5), 101-107 (1998-11-24)
Cecilia Guerrero et al.
Food chemistry, 138(4), 2225-2232 (2013-03-19)
Batch synthesis of fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides from lactulose was performed with commercial β-galactosidase preparations from Aspergillus oryzae, Kluyveromyces lactis and Bacillus circulans. The enzyme from A. oryzae produced the highest yield and specific productivity of synthesis, being selected for further studies. Optimization
C R Debnath et al.
Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ, 22(2), 394-396 (2013-05-30)
We are going to present a 17 year old female with Gaucher's disease. The patient presented with fever, cough, respiratory distress & abdominal heaviness. There was mild pallor, redness of palm of hands & raised temperature. Liver was hugely enlarged
P L Shcherbakova et al.
Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia = Experimental & clinical gastroenterology, (5)(5), 91-98 (2013-02-14)
to define the frequency of secondary lactase deficiency (SLD) in patients with postinfectious IBS and to develop therapy for the correction of mild SLD in adult patients. In this study, 138 patients (the mean age - 33.9 +/- 9.09; F/M
Aristo Vojdani
Alternative therapies in health and medicine, 19(1), 12-24 (2013-01-24)
The purpose of this review is to demonstrate that an intestine leaky to small molecules can be impermeable to large antigenic molecules. The author proposes that the permeability of the epithelium to very small sugar molecules such as lactulose/mannitol-used for
Francesco Russo et al.
BMC cancer, 13, 56-56 (2013-02-06)
Several GI peptides linked to intestinal barrier function could be involved in the modification of intestinal permeability and the onset of diarrhea during adjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the circulating levels of zonulin, glucagon-like peptide-2
Xiao Hua et al.
Food chemistry, 137(1-4), 1-7 (2012-12-04)
Production of 1-lactulose and lactulose using commercial β-galactosidase DSM Maxilact® 5000 in the presence of fructose was investigated. Experiments were performed at 40 °C and pH 7.5. Lactose starting concentration was constantly 250 g/l. A novel transgalactosylation product 1-lactulose was
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