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Katharina Schütte-Borkovec et al.
Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals, 14(5), 278-284 (2009-05-30)
Myosmine is a minor tobacco alkaloid with widespread occurrence in the human diet. Myosmine is genotoxic in human cells and is readily nitrosated and peroxidated yielding reactive intermediates with carcinogenic potential. For biomonitoring of short-term and long-term exposure, analytical methods
Rumyana Simeonova et al.
Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju, 63(1), 7-14 (2012-03-28)
Myosmine [3-(1-pyrrolin-2-yl) pyridine] is an alkaloid structurally similar to nicotine, which is known to induce oxidative stress. In this study we investigated the effects of myosmine on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative defence in rat liver. Wistar rats received a single
W Zwickenpflug
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 48(2), 392-394 (2000-02-26)
N-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) is formed by synthetic or biological N-nitrosation of the tobacco alkaloid nornicotine. Following metabolic activation of NNN, DNA and protein adducts are formed releasing 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB), an actual biomarker to differentiate between tobacco smokers and passive smokers. NNN
Nahid Moghbel et al.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 997, 142-145 (2015-06-27)
A reversed-phase HPLC-UV method was developed, optimized, and validated for the separation and quantitation of six target alkaloids from leaves of Nicotiana species (nicotine, nornicotine, anatabine, anabasine, myosmine, and cotinine). A bidentate reversed-phase C18 column was used as stationary phase
Nahid Moghbel et al.
Toxicology letters, 254, 45-51 (2016-05-15)
The Aboriginal population of Central Australia use endemic Nicotiana species to make a smokeless tobacco product known usually as pituri or mingkulpa. Nicotiana leaves are masticated with wood ash into a 'quid' that is chewed/sucked for absorption of nicotine. In
Paul R Pentel et al.
BMC biotechnology, 18(1), 46-46 (2018-07-26)
The bacterial nicotine-degrading enzyme NicA2 isolated from P. putida was studied to assess its potential use in the treatment of tobacco dependence. Rats were pretreated with varying i.v. doses of NicA2, followed by i.v. administration of nicotine at 0.03 mg/kg. NicA2
Norbert H Kleinsasser et al.
Toxicology, 192(2-3), 171-177 (2003-10-29)
Myosmine, 3-(1-pyrroline-2-yl)pyridine, is an alkaloid found in tobacco plants. Recently, it was also detected in various edibles and staple foods. Whereas other tobacco alkaloids such as nicotine and nornicotine and their nitrosation products, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), have been
Wolfgang Zwickenpflug et al.
Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 33(11), 1648-1656 (2005-08-05)
The alkaloid myosmine is present not only in tobacco products but also in various foods. Myosmine is easily nitrosated, yielding 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB) and the esophageal tobacco carcinogen N'-nitrosonornicotine. Due to its widespread occurrence, investigations on the metabolism and activation of
J B Havla et al.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 47(1), 237-241 (2008-12-02)
The minor tobacco alkaloid myosmine is implicated in DNA damage through pyridyloxobutylation similar to the tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA). In contrast to TSNA, occurrence of myosmine is not restricted to tobacco. Myosmine is genotoxic to human cells in the comet assay.
R A Jenkins et al.
Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 14 Suppl 1, S195-S213 (1996-03-01)
The potential health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a controversial subject, especially in the United States. Most studies on this subject have relied on reports of exposure from interviews or from questionnaires administered to the subjects.
Sandra Schorderet Weber et al.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 132, 110660-110660 (2019-07-06)
Within the traditional pharmacopeia, tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) is often cited as an efficient pesticide. This activity is generally attributed to nicotine, but tobacco plants contain other alkaloids that could potentially contribute to this effect. In this study, we tested methanolic
H Henrich et al.
Klinische Wochenschrift, 62 Suppl 2, 92-100 (1984-01-01)
To determine the effects of nicotine alkaloids on the microcirculation of a variety of tissues, we infused equimolar concentrations (10(-4)-10(-1) M) of 1-nicotine (N), nor-nicotine (NN), dihydro-metanicotine (DHN) in the skeletal muscle, in a skin flap chamber, and in a
Andrew C Harris et al.
Drug and alcohol dependence, 153, 330-334 (2015-06-22)
While nicotine is the primary addictive compound in tobacco, other tobacco constituents including minor alkaloids (e.g., nornicotine, anabasine) may also contribute to tobacco addiction by mimicking or enhancing the effects of nicotine. Further evaluating the behavioral effects of minor alkaloids
Krzysztof Noworyta et al.
Analytical chemistry, 84(5), 2154-2163 (2012-03-08)
Two electropolymerizable zinc porphyrins with receptor sites tailor-designed for selective recognition of the nicotine, cotinine, or myosmine alkaloids were synthesized. These were 5-(2-phenoxyacetamide)-10,15,20-tris(triphenylamino)porphyrinato zinc(II) 1 and 5-(2,5-phenylene-bis(oxy)diacetamide)-10,15,20-tris(triphenylamino)porphyrinato zinc(II) 2 featuring one and two pendant amide side "pincers", respectively, and three
Erkang Jiang et al.
Mutation research, 672(1), 60-64 (2008-11-15)
It is important to evaluate the health effects of radiation concurrent exposure to chemicals in our daily life. Myosmine, an alkaloid in tobacco plants and various edibles and staple foods, has been considered as a co-genotoxic agent in vitro. In
Wolfgang Zwickenpflug et al.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 64(1), 178-184 (2015-12-18)
The alkaloid myosmine (3-(1-pyrroline-2-yl)pyridine) is widespread in biological matrixes including foodstuffs and tobacco products. Some in vitro tests in cellular systems showed mutagenic activity for myosmine. Myosmine activation including peroxidation mechanism employs unstable oxazirane intermediates. The formation of minor metabolite
J S LaKind et al.
Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 19(3), 359-373 (2000-04-15)
The 16-City Study analyzed for gas-phase environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) constituents (nicotine, 3-ethenyl pyridine [3-EP], and myosmine) and for particulate-phase constituents (respirable particulate matter [RSP], ultraviolet-absorbing particulate matter [UVPM], fluorescing particulate matter [FPM], scopoletin, and solanesol). In this second of
Bo Chen et al.
The Analyst, 136(22), 4846-4854 (2011-10-06)
Myosmine can not be separated from nornicotine, nicotine and anabasine intactly by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with a phosphate buffer. Using citrate solution at pH 6.5 as a CZE buffer, myosmine is protonated intactly by H(+), charged positively and then
J Wilp et al.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 40(8), 1223-1228 (2002-06-18)
The tobacco alkaloid myosmine was detected in nut and nut products [J. Agric. Food Chem. 46 (1998) 2703]. Upon nitrosation, myosmine yields 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB) and N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) [J. Agric. Food Chem. 48 (2001) 392]. NNN is a strong oesophageal carcinogen
Won Tae Jeong et al.
Inhalation toxicology, 30(13-14), 527-533 (2019-02-12)
Standardized methods for collecting smoke and for measuring smoke components in heat not burn tobacco product (HTP) are yet to be established, and there is a lack of consensus as to whether the content of HTP cigarettes can be assayed
Stefan Tyroller et al.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 50(17), 4909-4915 (2002-08-09)
Myosmine has been regarded as a specific tobacco alkaloid until investigations pointed out that nuts and nut products constitute a significant source of myosmine. In the present study it is shown that the occurrence of myosmine is widespread throughout a
Trixie Ann Bartholomeusz et al.
Phytochemistry, 66(20), 2432-2440 (2005-09-06)
Nicotine or nornicotine enriched with stable isotopes in either the N'-methyl group or the pyrrolidine-N were fed to Nicotiana plumbaginifolia suspension cell cultures that do not form endogenous nicotine. The metabolism of these compounds was investigated by analysing the incorporation
Susanna Glas et al.
Archives of toxicology, 81(3), 151-161 (2006-08-12)
Occurrence of the tobacco alkaloid myosmine has been proven in various staple foods, vegetables and fruits. Myosmine can be easily activated by nitrosation yielding 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-butanone (HPB) and the esophageal carcinogen N'-nitrosonornicotine. Most of the reaction products after myosmine peroxidation were
Irene L Doering et al.
Drug metabolism letters, 3(2), 83-86 (2009-07-16)
Myosmine, a minor tobacco alkaloid widely occurring in food products of plant and animal origin, inhibits the conversion of testosterone to estradiol by human aromatase (IC(50): 33+/-2 microM) sevenfold more potent than nicotine (IC(50): 223+/-10 microM) and may have implications
J S LaKind et al.
Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 19(3), 375-390 (2000-04-15)
The ultimate goal of the research reported in this series of three articles is to derive distributions of doses of selected environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-related chemicals for nonsmoking workers. This analysis uses data from the 16-City Study collected with personal
Xintong Li et al.
Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, 35(8), 849-854 (2019-04-02)
One method based on QuEChERS sample preparation is presented in this study, which leads to simultaneously detect nine alkaloids in tobacco and tobacco products. Nicotine, nornicotine, myosmine, N-methyl anabasine, β-nicotyrine, anabasine, anatabine, isonicotenine and cotinine can all be found in
Konstantinos M Kasiotis et al.
BMC ecology, 20(1), 57-57 (2020-11-08)
Invasive plant species pose a significant threat for fragile isolated ecosystems, occupying space, and consuming scarce local resources. Recently though, an additional adverse effect was recognized in the form of its secondary metabolites entering the food chain. The present study
Diego García-Gómez et al.
Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 22(7), 2452-2457 (2016-01-17)
Chemical analysis of aerosols collected from electronic cigarettes (ECs) has shown that these devices produce vapors that contain harmful and potentially harmful compounds. Conventional analytical methods used for the analysis of electronic cigarettes do not reflect the actual composition of
Zhao-Xiang Zhang et al.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 390(6), 1645-1652 (2008-01-30)
A novel on-column sequential preconcentration method based on the combination of field-amplified sample injection induced by acetonitrile and pseudo isotachophoresis (ITP)-acid stacking is developed for simply but efficiently concentrating alkaloid cations in a high-salt sample matrix in capillary electrophoresis. Acetonitrile
Wei Li et al.
Scientific reports, 7(1), 12126-12126 (2017-09-25)
Leaf senescence in plants is a coordinated process that involves remobilization of nutrients from senescing leaves to sink tissues. The molecular events associated with nutrient remobilization are however not well understood. In this study the tobacco system with a source-sink
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