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John M Atack et al.
The Journal of infectious diseases, 212(4), 645-653 (2015-02-26)
Hia is a major adhesin of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and has long been investigated as a vaccine candidate. Here we show that Hia phase variation is controlled by changes in the length of a polythymidine tract located in the
Itamar Yadid et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(24), E2182-E2190 (2013-05-17)
Microbes in contaminated environments often evolve new metabolic pathways for detoxification or degradation of pollutants. In some cases, intermediates in newly evolved pathways are more toxic than the initial compound. The initial step in the degradation of pentachlorophenol by Sphingobium
Yaarit Adamovich et al.
Molecular and cellular biology, 33(13), 2603-2613 (2013-05-08)
PGC-1α is a key transcription coactivator regulating energy metabolism in a tissue-specific manner. PGC-1α expression is tightly regulated, it is a highly labile protein, and it interacts with various proteins--the known attributes of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). In this study
Michael D Roberts et al.
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 304(11), R1024-R1035 (2013-04-05)
The purpose of the present study was to partially phenotype male and female rats from generations 8-10 (G8-G10) that had been selectively bred to possess low (LVR) vs. high voluntary running (HVR) behavior. Over the first 6 days with wheels
Ie E Koliesnikova et al.
Fiziolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1994), 59(3), 58-64 (2013-08-21)
The results of pharmacological correction of experimental mitochondrial dysfunction in brain stem neurons after single injection of specific respiratory complex I inhibitor rotenone by complex agents mildronate and rhytmocor have been presented. It was shown that 14-days rhytmocor injection promoted
Z X Xie et al.
Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition, 99(3), 492-500 (2014-10-01)
Increased levels of plasma free amino acids (pFAAs) can disturb the blood glucose levels in patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MS) and are associated with enhanced protein oxidation. Oxidation of proteins, especially in the muscles, can promote
Gergely Kiss et al.
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 28(4), 1682-1697 (2014-01-07)
Substrate-level phosphorylation mediated by succinyl-CoA ligase in the mitochondrial matrix produces high-energy phosphates in the absence of oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, when the electron transport chain is dysfunctional, provision of succinyl-CoA by the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC) is crucial for maintaining
Weiliang He et al.
Anti-cancer drugs, 26(3), 293-300 (2014-12-24)
Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is widely used in the chemotherapy of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Recent studies have indicated that tamoxifen might have a potential chemotherapeutic effect on glioma. In the present study, we determined the chemotherapeutic action
Xuan Weng et al.
Biosensors & bioelectronics, 72, 140-147 (2015-05-16)
Early detection of dairy animal health issues allows the producer or veterinarian to intervene before the animals' production levels, or even survival, is threatened. An increased concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate (βHBA) is a key biomarker for diagnosis of subclinical ketosis (SCK)
Vessela Vitcheva et al.
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2015, 157876-157876 (2015-11-18)
One of the mechanisms involved in the development of addiction, as well as in brain toxicity, is the oxidative stress. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of 7-nitroindazole (7-NI), a selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric
Soo-Jin Lee et al.
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 535(2), 187-196 (2013-04-09)
This study was initiated to determine whether the protective effect of nicotinamide (NAM) on high glucose/palmitate (HG/PA)-induced INS-1 beta cell death was due to its role as an anti-oxidant, nicotinamide dinucleotide (NAD+) precursor, or inhibitor of NAD+-consuming enzymes such as
Duanfang Cao et al.
Genes & development, 29(12), 1316-1325 (2015-06-26)
Sirtuins with an extended N-terminal domain (NTD), represented by yeast Sir2 and human SIRT1, harbor intrinsic mechanisms for regulation of their NAD-dependent deacetylase activities. Elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms is crucial for understanding the biological functions of sirtuins and development
Vamshi K Nimmagadda et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 190(9), 4595-4607 (2013-04-03)
Treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) with resveratrol, an activator of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), reduces disease severity. This suggested that activators of SIRT1, a highly conserved NAD-dependent protein deacetylase, might have immune-modulating or neuroprotective therapeutic effects in EAE. Previously, we
Heike Singer et al.
PloS one, 10(6), e0130416-e0130416 (2015-06-30)
Mutations in the maternal effect gene NLRP7 cause biparental hydatidiform mole (HYDM1). HYDM1 is characterized by abnormal growth of placenta and lack of proper embryonic development. The molar tissues are characterized by abnormal methylation patterns at differentially methylated regions (DMRs)
Yu-bin Su et al.
Journal of proteome research, 14(3), 1612-1620 (2015-02-13)
Edwardsiella tarda, the causative agent of Edwardsiellosis, imposes medical challenges in both the clinic and aquaculture. The emergence of multidrug resistant strains makes antibiotic treatment impractical. The identification of molecules that facilitate or promote antibiotic efficacy is in high demand.
Virginia A Pereira et al.
Malaria journal, 14, 30-30 (2015-01-30)
Cytokines play an important role in human immune responses to malaria and variation in their production may influence the course of infection and determine the outcome of the disease. The differential production of cytokines has been linked to single nucleotide
Anja Mezger et al.
New biotechnology, 32(5), 504-510 (2015-02-15)
We show for the first time that monomerized rolling circle amplification (RCA) products can be directly detected with the Luminex suspension bead array readout without the need of PCR amplification. Furthermore, using monomerized RCA products to guide ligation of the
Eran Blacher et al.
Annals of neurology, 78(1), 88-103 (2015-04-22)
Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated dementia is due to tissue damage caused by amyloid β (Aβ) deposition within the brain and by accompanying neuroinflammation. The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) glycohydrolase CD38, which is expressed by neurons, astrocytes, and microglial cells, regulates inflammatory
Christoph Koentges et al.
Basic research in cardiology, 110(4), 36-36 (2015-05-13)
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a mitochondrial NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase that regulates energy metabolic enzymes by reversible protein lysine acetylation in various extracardiac tissues. The role of SIRT3 in myocardial energetics and in the development of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac pathologies, such
Xiongjun Wang et al.
Molecular cell, 76(1), 148-162 (2019-08-27)
The rapid proliferation of cancer cells and dysregulated vasculature within the tumor leads to limited nutrient accessibility. Cancer cells often rewire their metabolic pathways for adaption to nutrient stress, and the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GDH1)
Pablo B Martínez de Morentin et al.
Endocrinology, 156(3), 947-960 (2014-12-24)
During gestation, hyperphagia is necessary to cope with the metabolic demands of embryonic development. There were three main aims of this study: Firstly, to investigate the effect of pregnancy on hypothalamic fatty acid metabolism, a key pathway for the regulation
Terhi O Helenius et al.
Molecular biology of the cell, 26(12), 2298-2310 (2015-04-24)
Simple-type epithelial keratins are intermediate filament proteins important for mechanical stability and stress protection. Keratin mutations predispose to human liver disorders, whereas their roles in intestinal diseases are unclear. Absence of keratin 8 (K8) in mice leads to colitis, decreased
Xiao-Hong Zhu et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(9), 2876-2881 (2015-03-03)
NAD is an essential metabolite that exists in NAD(+) or NADH form in all living cells. Despite its critical roles in regulating mitochondrial energy production through the NAD(+)/NADH redox state and modulating cellular signaling processes through the activity of the
Ajay Krishnamurthy et al.
Microbes and infection, 16(8), 640-647 (2014-07-08)
Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) often share a common niche within the nasopharynx, both associated with infections such as bronchitis and otitis media. This study investigated how the association between NTHi and S. pneumoniae and the host affects
Ivana Milackova et al.
Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry, 30(1), 107-113 (2014-03-29)
The ability of flavonoids to affect multiple key pathways of glucose toxicity, as well as to attenuate inflammation has been well documented. In this study, the inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase by 3,7-di-hydroxy-2-[4-(2-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone-3-yloxy)-3-hydroxy-phenyl]-5-hydroxy-chromen-4-one (compound 1), was studied in greater
Mervi T Hyvönen et al.
ACS chemical biology, 10(6), 1417-1424 (2015-02-18)
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is essential for cell proliferation, becoming functionally active only after post-translational conversion of a specific Lys to hypusine [N(ε)-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)lysine]. Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHS) is the rate-limiting enzyme of this two-step process, and the polyamine spermidine
Ana I Rodriguez-Perez et al.
Neurobiology of aging, 36(2), 1194-1208 (2014-11-30)
The neuroprotective effects of menopausal hormonal therapy in Parkinson's disease have not yet been clarified, and it is not known whether there is a critical period. Estrogen induced significant protection against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopaminergic degeneration when administered immediately or 6 weeks
Richard A Juneau et al.
Infection and immunity, 83(1), 239-246 (2014-10-29)
Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) is a common commensal and opportunistic pathogen of the human airways. For example, NTHI is a leading cause of otitis media and is the most common cause of airway infections associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Yingying Zheng et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 456(3), 733-736 (2014-12-21)
The Rex-family repressors sense redox levels by alternative binding to NADH or NAD(+). RSP is the homologue of Rex in Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus JW200(T) and regulates ethanol fermentation in this obligate anaerobe. The dimeric repressor binds to DNA by an open
Clelia Miracco et al.
Human pathology, 46(7), 1050-1056 (2015-04-29)
We describe an unusual case of a recurrent dural neoplasm, previously diagnosed as meningioma. Histopathologically, the tumor is characterized by aggregates of divergently differentiated clear cells embedded in an abundant lymphoplasmacyte-rich stroma, mimicking a lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma. This study focuses on
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