Merck
CN
  • Comparison between solid phase microextraction (SPME) and hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HFLPME) for determination of extractables from post-consumer recycled PET into food simulants.

Comparison between solid phase microextraction (SPME) and hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HFLPME) for determination of extractables from post-consumer recycled PET into food simulants.

Talanta (2014-06-11)
Éder Costa Oliveira, Yolanda Echegoyen, Sandra Andrea Cruz, Cristina Nerin
ABSTRACT

Hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HFLPME) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) methods for pre-concentration of contaminants (toluene, benzophenone, tetracosane and chloroform) in food simulants were investigated. For HFLPME 1-heptanol, 2-octanone and dibutyl-ether were studied as extracting solvents. Analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), flame ionization (GC-FID) and electron capture detectors (GC-ECD) were carried out. In addition, the methods were employed to evaluate the safety in use of a PET material after the recycling process (comprising washing, extrusion and solid state polymerization (SSP)) through extractability studies of the contaminants using 10% (v/v) ethanol in deionized water and 3% (w/v) acetic acid in deionized water as food simulants in different conditions: 10 days at 40°C and 2h at 70°C. The HFLPME preconcentration method provided increased sensitivity when compared to the SPME method and allowed to analyze concentration levels below 10 µg surrogate per kg food simulant. The results of the extractability studies showed considerable reductions after the extrusion and SSP processes and indicated the compliance with regulations for using recycled PET in contact with food.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Sigma-Aldrich
Chloroform, contains amylenes as stabilizer, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%
Supelco
Chloroform, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Supelco
Toluene, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sigma-Aldrich
Chloroform, ACS spectrophotometric grade, ≥99.8%, contains 0.5-1.0% ethanol as stabilizer
Sigma-Aldrich
Toluene, anhydrous, 99.8%
Sigma-Aldrich
Chloroform, ≥99%, PCR Reagent, contains amylenes as stabilizer
Supelco
Mettler-Toledo Calibration substance ME 18870, Benzophenone, for the calibration of the thermosystem 900, traceable to primary standards (LGC)
Supelco
Toluene, analytical standard
Supelco
Chloroform, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Chloroform, anhydrous, ≥99%, contains 0.5-1.0% ethanol as stabilizer
Sigma-Aldrich
Chloroform, anhydrous, contains amylenes as stabilizer, ≥99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Chloroform, contains 100-200 ppm amylenes as stabilizer, ≥99.5%
Sigma-Aldrich
Chloroform, contains ethanol as stabilizer, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%
Supelco
Melting point standard 47-49°C, analytical standard
Supelco
Tetracosane, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Heptyl alcohol, ≥97%, FCC, FG
Sigma-Aldrich
Tetracosane, 99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Toluene, suitable for HPLC, 99.9%
Sigma-Aldrich
Toluene, JIS special grade, ≥99.5%
Sigma-Aldrich
Dibutyl ether, anhydrous, 99.3%
Supelco
Residual Solvent - Toluene, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Sigma-Aldrich
Dibutyl ether, ReagentPlus®, ≥99%
Sigma-Aldrich
Toluene, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%
Sigma-Aldrich
Toluene, Laboratory Reagent, ≥99.3%
Sigma-Aldrich
Toluene, HPLC Plus, for HPLC, GC, and residue analysis, ≥99.9%
Supelco
2-Octanone, analytical standard
Supelco
Benzophenone, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Supelco
Residual Solvent - Chloroform, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material
Benzophenone, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Benzophenone, purified by sublimation, ≥99%